International Journal of Automotive Technology

The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers (한국자동차공학회)
권호 표지

EFFECT OF MIXTURE PREPARATION IN A DIESEL HCCI ENGINE USING EARLY IN-CYLINDER INJECTION DURING THE SUCTION STROKE

  • Nathan, S. Swami (Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras) ;
  • Mallikarjuna, J.M. (Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras) ;
  • Ramesh, A. (Internal Combustion Engines Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras)
  • Published : 2007.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

It is becoming increasingly difficult for engines using conventional fuels and combustion techniques to meet stringent emission norms. The homogeneous charge compression ignition(HCCI) concept is being evaluated on account of its potential to control both smoke and NOx emissions. However, HCCI engines face problems of combustion control. In this work, a single cylinder water-cooled diesel engine was operated in the HCCI mode. Diesel was injected during the suction stroke($0^{\circ}$ to $20^{\circ}$ degrees aTDC) using a special injection system in order to prepare a nearly homogeneous charge. The engine was able to develop a BMEP(brake mean effective pressure) in the range of 2.15 to 4.32 bar. Extremely low levels of NOx emissions were observed. Though the engine operation was steady, poor brake thermal efficiency(30% lower) and high HC, CO and smoke were problems. The heat release showed two distinct portions: cool flame followed by the main heat release. The low heat release rates were found to result in poor brake thermal efficiency at light loads. At high brake power outputs, improper combustion phasing was the problem. Fuel deposited on the walls was responsible for increased HC and smoke emissions. On the whole, proper combustion phasing and a need for a well- matched injection system were identified as the important needs.

Keywords

References

  1. Akira, H., Naoki, S., Satoru, S., Takeshi, M., Hisashi, A. and Kinji, T. (1998). The effects of mixture formation on premixed lean diesel combustion engine. SAE Paper No. 980533
  2. Bruno, W. and Bertrand, G. (2002). Development of the high power NADI concept using dual mode diesel combustion to achieve zero NOx and particulate emissions. SAE Paper No. 2002-01-1744
  3. Brunt, F. J., Hai, H. and Emtage, A. (1998). The calculation of heat release energy from engine cylinder pressure data. SAE Paper No. 981052
  4. Choi, G. H., Han, S. B. and Dibble, R. W. (2004). Experimental study on homogeneous charge compression ignition engine operation with exhaust gas recirculation. Int. J. Automotive Technology 5, 3, 195−200
  5. Christensen, M., Bengt, J., Per, A. and Fabian, M. (1998). Supercharged homogeneous charge compression ignition. SAE Paper No. 980787
  6. Glassman, I. (1996). Combustion. 3rd edn. Academic Press. USA
  7. Gray, A. W. and Ryan, T. W. III (1997). Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) of diesel fuel. SAE Paper No. 971676
  8. Haruyuki Yokato., Hiroshi, N. and Toshiaki, K. (1998). A new concept for low emission diesel combustion (2nd Rep.: Reduction of HC and CO emission and improvement of fuel consumption by EGR and blended fuel). SAE Paper No. 981933
  9. Ijima, A., Yoshida, K., Shoji, H. and Lee, J. T. (2007). Analysis of HCCI combustion characteristics based on experimentation and simulations-Influence of fueln octane number and internal EGR on combustion. Int. J. Automotive Technology 8, 2, 137−147
  10. Kaneko, N., Ando, H., Ogawa, H. and Miyamoto, N. (2002). Expansion of the operating range with incylinder water injection in a premixed charge compression ignition engine. SAE Paper No. 2002-01-1743
  11. Kimura, S., Aoki, O., Ogawa, H., Muranaka, S. and Enomoto, Y. (1999). New combustion concept for ultra-clean and high efficiency small DI diesel engines. SAE Paper No. 1999-01-3681
  12. Lanzafame, R. and Messina, M. (2003). ICE gross heat release strongly influenced by specific heat ratio values. Int. J. Automotive Technology 4, 3, 125−133
  13. Lu, X.-C., Ji, L.-B., Chen, W. and Huang, Z. (2007). Effect of additive on the heat release rate and emissions of HCCI combustion engines fueled with RON90 fuels. Int. J. Automotive Technology 8, 1, 1−7
  14. Najt, P. M. and Foster, D. E. (1983). Compression-ignited homogeneous charge combustion. SAE Paper No. 830264
  15. Onishi, S., Jo, S. H., Shoda, K., Jo, P. D. and Kato, S. (1979). Active thermo-atmospheric combustion (ATAC) - A new combustion process for internal combustion engines. SAE Paper No. 790501
  16. Ryan, T. W. and Callahan, T. J. (1996). Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) of diesel fuel. SAE Paper No. 961160
  17. Sato, S., Kweon, S. P., Yamashita, D. and Iida, N. (2006). Influence of the mixing ratio of double componential fuels on HCCI combustion. Int. J. Automotive Technology 7, 3, 251−259
  18. Thring, R. H. (1989). Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines. SAE Paper No. 892068
  19. Yoshinori, I., Kenji, K., Takeshi, S. and Yoshinaka, T. (1999). Trial of new concept diesel combustion system-Premixed compression-ignited combustion. SAE Paper No. 1999-01-0185