Selection of Fungicides for the Control of Soybean Black Root Rot Caused by Calonectria ilicicola

콩 검은뿌리썩음병 방제를 위한 살균제 선발

  • Park, Seong-Woo (Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kang, Beom-Kwan (Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Hong-Sik (Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Woo, Sun-Hee (Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Heung-Tae (Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
  • 박성우 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 응용생명환경학부 식물의학) ;
  • 강범관 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 응용생명환경학부 식물의학) ;
  • 김홍식 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 식물자원생산학부 식물자원학) ;
  • 우선희 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 식물자원생산학부 식물자원학) ;
  • 김흥태 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 응용생명환경학부 식물의학)
  • Published : 2007.03.30

Abstract

Fungicidal screening was performed to control soybean black root rot caused by Calonectria ilicicola through in vitro and greenhouse assays. In in vitro assay, 25 fungicides were assessed by an agar dilution method and a 96-well microtiter plate method. While protective fungicides including dithianon, dichlofluanid, mancozeb, and captan showed a very low activity against the mycelial growth C. ilicicola SC03-15 in the agar dilution method, they displayed potent inhibitory activity against spore germination in a 96-well microtiter plate method with $EC_{50}$ values of 4.65, 0.61, 4.64, and $0.29{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$, respectively. Ergosterol biosynthesis-inhibiting (EBI) fungicides showed different antifungal activity against mycelial growth and spore germination according to molecules. Difenconazole displayed higher antifungal activity against spore germination rather than mycelial growth, and prochloraz inhibited potently both mycelial growth and spore germination with EC50 values less than $1.8{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$. In contrast, the other EBI fungicides inhibited more highly mycelial growth than spore germination. Carbendazim+diethofencarb and dazomet also inhibited both mycelial growth and spore germination of C. ilicicola SC03-15 at very low concentrations. In greenhouse assay, carbendazim+diethofencarb effectively controlled a soybean black root rot by drenching 2 days before or after inoculation. In addition, tebuconazole showed potent curative activity against soybean black root rot.

콩 검음뿌리썩음병의 방제를 위한 살균제 선발을 위하여 실내 및 온실 검정을 실시하였다. 한천희석법과 96-well microtiter plate법을 이용하여 총 25종의 살균제의 병원균에 대한 생육 억제 효과를 검정하였다. 보호용 살균제 중에서 iminoctadine을 제외한 dithianon, dichlofluanid, mancozeb, captan 등은 한천희석법에서 조사한 병원균의 생육을 억제하는 $EC_{50}$값은 $500{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ 이상으로 효과가 매우 낮았지만, 96-well microtiter plate법에서는 4.65, 0.61, 4.64, $0.29{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$로, 병원균의 포자 발아에 대하여 매우 높은 활성을 보였다. 그러나 ergosterol 생합성을 저해하는 살균제 (EBI) 그룹은 물질에 따라 매우 다른 살균활성을 보였다. Difenconazole의 경우에는 균사생육보다는 포자발아 억제활성이 높았고, prochloraz의 경우에는 균사 생육활성과 포자 발아억제활성이 서로 유사하였다. 이에 비하여 다른 EBI 살균제들은 포자발아보다는 균사생육저해활성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. Carbendazim과 diethofencarb의 혼합제와 dazomet만이 두 가지의 실내 검정법 모두에서 우수한 효과를 보였다. Carbendazim과 diethofencarb의 혼합제를 비롯한 8종의 살균제를 선발하여 온실검정을 실시한 결과, carbendazim과 diethofencarb의 혼합제만이 병원균을 접종하기 2일 전과 후에 토양에 처리하였을 때, 75와 76.7%의 효과를 보였고, tebuconazole은 병원균을 접종하고 2일 후에 관주처리 하였을 때, 83.3%의 효과를 보였다.

Keywords

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