Effects of Water Temperature on Egg Development, Hatching and Laval Growth Rearing of the Pacific Cod Gadus macrocephalus

태평양 대구 Gadus macrocephalus 채란, 부화 및 자어성장에 미치는 수온의 영향

  • Lee, Jeong-Yong (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Lee, Chae-Sung (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Wan-Ki (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Park, Sang-Un (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Min, Byung-Hwa (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute)
  • Published : 2007.12.31

Abstract

We investigated egg collection and the effects of water temperature (4, 7, 10, 13 and $16^{\circ}C$) on egg development, hatching and larval growth of Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus under laboratory conditions. Fertilized eggs were round in shape ($1.01{\pm}0.03\;cm$) and adhesive to nylon nets. Fertilization rate was 68% by wet method. The time of egg development was negatively proportional to water temperature with the range of $4^{\circ}C$ to $13^{\circ}C$. Eggs hatched only at $7^{\circ}C$ after 288 hours of fertilization and $10^{\circ}C$ after 192 hours. Hatching rate was highest as 65% at $7^{\circ}C$ followed by $34.4^{\circ}C$ at $10^{\circ}C$. Survival rate was 18.3% at $7^{\circ}C$ and 5.2% at $10^{\circ}C$.

본 연구에서는 대구 Gadus macrocephalus의 종묘생산을 위한 생물학적 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 수온(4, 7, 10, 13 및 $16^{\circ}C$)에 따른 난발생, 자어의 성장 및 생존율을 조사하였다. 복부압박법으로 채란 하였으며, 채란양과 어체의 관계는 $F=80,220{\times}TL-3,397,700$ ($R^2=0.7528$)이었다. 수정란은 원형의 침성 점착란이었으며, 그 크기는 $0.90{\sim}1.11\;mm$였다. 습식법에 의한 수정률은 68%였다. 난발생의 각 단계에 이르기까지의 수온(T: $^{\circ}C$)에 따른 발생속도(t: hour)는 수온이 높을수록 빨랐으며, 그 관계식은 다음과 같았다. 4세포기: 1/t=0.0175T+0.0356 ($R^2=0.9579$), 16세포기: 1/t=0.0100T+0.0350 ($R^2=0.9759$), 상실기: 1/t=0.0083T-0.0181 ($R^2=0.9586$), 낭배기: 1/t=0.0035T-0.0058 ($R^2=0.871$), Kupffer씨 포 출현기: 1/t=0.0021T-0.0014 ($R^2=0.871$), 부화자어기: 1/t=0.0006T-0.0006 ($R^2=1$). 또한 대구의 난발생이 개시되는 생물학적 영도는 평균 $-0.4^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. 부화가능한 수온의 범위는 $7{\sim}10^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. 수정란에서 부화까지 소요되는 시간은 $7^{\circ}C$$10^{\circ}C$에서 각각 288시간(12일)과 192시간(8일)이었으며, 이때 부화율은 각각 65.0% 및 33.4%로 $7^{\circ}C$에서 3배정도 높았다. 부화자어를 40일간 $7^{\circ}C$$10^{\circ}C$에서 사육하였을 때, 성장에는 차이가 없었으나, 생존율은 각각 18.3% 및 5.2%로 $7^{\circ}C$에서 유의하게 높았다. 이상의 결론을 종합해 보면, 대구 종묘생산을 위한 수온은 $7^{\circ}C$가 적합하다고 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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