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Lichen Diseases on Prunus mume Caused by Colonization of Consortium of Several Crustose Lichens Including Parmotrema autrosinense

지의류 복합체에 의한 매실나무 지의류병

  • Koh, Young-Jin (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kim, Gyoung-Hee (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Jeong, In-Ho (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lim, Myoung-Taek (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Park, Hyun-Su (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lee, Gyu-San (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Jo, Kyoung-Youn (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Hur, Jae-Seoun (Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University)
  • Published : 2007.12.01

Abstract

Lichen is a symbiotic association which lichen-forming fungi associate with green algae or cyanobacteria capable of producing food by photosynthesis. Lichen is one of the most widely distributed eukaryotic organisms on every kind of surface of soils, rocks and trees. Lichen-forming fungi commonly colonize on the surface of barks of dead or dying trees, which they use merely as a means of support without parasitizing. Lichen consortium of Parmotrema autrosinense and several crustose lichens heavily colonized on the surface of P. mume in Suncheon, Jeonnam province in Korea. The lichen consortium on the surface of P. mume gave the affected trees a dull gray appearance and suppressed their normal growths. Severely affected twigs or branches resulted in the death when the lichen thalli were not rubbed off the barks of P. mume. Twigs or branches of P. mume were recovered from blight syndrome when the lichen thalli were rubbed off, The recovered twigs or branches became healthy and clean when $Tween^{(R)}$ 20 or thiophanate-methyl paste were treated on the barks of P. mume. This is the first report of lichen diseases on P. mume caused by colonization of consortium of several crustose lichens including P. autrosinense.

지의류는 곰팡이와 광합성을 하는 조류 또는 남조류의 공생체로서 토양, 바위, 나무 등에 아주 널리 분포하는 진핵생명체다. 지의류형성곰팡이는 흔히 죽은 나무나 죽어가는 나무 위에서 부착하여 증식하지만 나무를 직접적으로 죽이지는 않는다. 전남 순천시 매실나무 과수원 포장에 있는 매실나무 수피에 엽상체 지의류 Parmotrema autrosinense를 포함한 몇 가지 가상체 지의류가 심하게 증식하고 있었다. 이러한 지의류 조합의 증식으로 매실나무는 회색으로 흉하게 보이고 정상적인 생장이 억제되었으며, 심각하게 영향을 받은 매실나무 가지의 수피에서 지의체를 제거하지 않으면 낙엽이 지고 가지가 말라 죽었다. 매실나무 수피에 있는 지의체를 제거해주면 매실나무 가지들은 수세를 회복하였으며, 지의체를 제거한 후에 $Twin^{(R)}$ 20 또는 톱신페스트를 발라주면 더욱 수세가 왕성해졌다. 따라서 매실나무에 몇 가지 지의류 조합의 정착 및 증식에 의해 발생하는 낙엽과 가지마름 증상을 '매실나무 지의류병(lichen disease)'이라고 명명할 것을 제안한다.

Keywords

References

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