대한지역사회영양학회지 (Korean Journal of Community Nutrition)

대한지역사회영양학회 (The Korean Society of Community Nutrition)
권호 표지

근력 종목선수들의 신체적 특성 및 식생활 패턴

Physical Characteristics and Dietary Patterns of Strength Athletes; Bodybuilders, Weight Lifters

  • 조성숙 (대한체육회 선수촌) ;
  • 이현근 (국민체육진흥공단) ;
  • 김경원 (서울여자대학교 자연과학대학 식품영양학)
  • 발행 : 2007.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The purpose of this study was to provide a descriptive assessment of the nutritional habits of resistance trained males in relation to protein and carbohydrate intakes in comparison with the recommended values. Thirty-four male bodybuilders ($27.0{\pm}2.1years,\;173.5{\pm}5.0cm,\;8.3{\pm}0.61%$ body fat), twenty-four male weight lifters ($20.9{\pm}2.1years,\;171.8{\pm}6.9cm,\;7.6{\pm}0.98%$ body fat) and twenty-five male non-athletes ($26.9{\pm}2.5years,\;175.3{\pm}5.7cm,\;8.5{\pm}0.95%$ body fat) participated in the study. Participants completed a comprehensive survey by twenty-four hour dietary recall methods. All diets were analyzed using the Computer Aided Nutritional (Pro) analyzer by a registered dietician. Body fat was measured using skin fold thickness. The average time spent in resistance training was $18.0{\pm}1.7$ hrs/week for body builders and $14.6{\pm}8.7$ hrs/week for weight lifters. Total daily calories were $2583.6{\pm}874.8kcal\;(31.9{\pm}11.9kcal/kg)$ for bodybuilders, $3565.9{\pm}1281.8kcal\;(42.7{\pm}15.0kcal/kg)$ for weight lifters and $2016.0{\pm}955.3kcal\;(28.1{\pm}13.9kcal/kg)$ for non-athletes (p=0.001). Percent of calories from carbohydrate, protein, and fat 64.2%, 27.1%, and 8.7% for bodybuilders, and 66.3%, 18.6%, and 15.1% for weight lifters. The mean protein intake was $1.9{\pm}1.2g/kg$ of BW for bodybuilders, $1.6{\pm}0.6g/kg$ of BW for male weight lifters and $1.1{\pm}0.69g/kg$ of BW for non-athletes. Although dietary calcium (78.7%) and riboflavin (86.3%) intakes for bodybuilders were below the RDA, dietary intakes of micronutrients were not deficient. More research needs to be conducted to determine the optimal amounts of protein, carbohydrates, fats, and micronutrients for the resistance trained athletes.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Barnman MM, Hunter GR, Newton LE, Roney RK, Khaled MA (1993): Changes in body composition, diet, and strength of bodybuilders during the 12 weeks prior to competition. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 33(3): 383-91
  2. Burke L, Deakin V (2000): Clinical Sports Nutrition 2nd ed. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Australia
  3. Cade JR, Reese RH, Privette RM (1992): Dietary intervention and training in swimmers. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 63: 210-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00233850
  4. Carli G, Bonifazi M, Lodi L (1992): Changes in exercise-induced hormone response to branched chain amino acid administration. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 64: 272-277 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00626291
  5. Clark (2003): Sports nutrition guidebook, Human Kinetics, Brookline, MA
  6. De Pauw D, Vrijens J (1972): Physique, muscle strength and cardiovascular fitness of weightlifters. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 12(3): 193-200
  7. Grandjean AC, Hursh LM, Majure WC, Hanley DF (1981): Nutrition knowledge and practices of college athletes, Med Sci Sports Exerc 5: 377-381
  8. Heyward VH, Sandoval WH, Colville BC (1989): Anthropometric, body composition, and nutritional profiles of bodybuilders during training. J Appl Sports Sci Res 3(2): 22-29
  9. Hickson JF (1990): Nutrition and the precontest preparations of a male bodybuilders. J Am Diet Assoc 90: 264-267
  10. Horswill CA (1992): Applied physiology of amateur wrestling. Sports Med 14: 114-143 https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199214020-00004
  11. Huygens W, Claessens AL, Thomis M, Loos R, Van Langendonck L, Peeters M, Philippaerts R, Meynaerts E, Vlietinck R, Beunen G (2002): Body composition estimations by BIA versus anthropometric equations in body builders and other power athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 42: 45-55
  12. Jackson AS, Pollock ML, Ward A (1980): Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 12: 175-182
  13. Jackson CGR (2001): Nutrition and the strength athlete. CRC press California State University, Fresno, California, USA
  14. Kanchisa H, Ikegawa S, Fukunaga T (1998): Body composition and cross-sectional areas of limb lean tissues in olympic weight lifters. Scan J Med Sci Sports 8: 271-278 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.1998.tb00482.x
  15. Katch VL, Katch FI. Moffat R, Gittleson M (1980): Muscular development and lean body weight in body builders and weight lifters. Med Sci Sports Exerc 12(5): 340-4 https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198025000-00007
  16. Kim MK, Choi B Lee SS (1992): A Study on the Nutrient Supplements Usage and Related Factors in Seoul Korea. Korean J Nutr 25(3): 264-274
  17. Kleiner SM, Bazzarre TL, Ainsworth BE (1996): Nutritional status of nationally ranked elite bodybuilders. Int J Sport Nutr 6: 54-69
  18. Lamar-Hindebrand N, Saldanha L, Endres J (1989): Dietary and exercise practices of college-aged female bodybuilders. J Am Diet Assoc 89: 1308-1310
  19. Lohman TG (1992): Advances in body composition assessment. Champaign (III): Human Kinetics Books
  20. Manore MM, Thompson J, Russo M (1993): Diet and exercise strategies of a world-class bodybuilder. Int J Sport Nutr 3: 76-86 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.3.1.76
  21. Sandoval WM, Heyward VH (1991): Food selection patterns of bodybuilders. Int J Sport Nutr 1: 61-68 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.1.1.61
  22. Sinning WE, Wilson JR (1985): Validity of 'generalized' equations for body composition analysis in male athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 17: 124-130
  23. Siri WE (1961): Body composition from fluid spaces and density: Analysis of methods. In Techniques for measuring body composition, Ed Brozeok J Henschel A, 223-244, Washington D.C.: National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council
  24. Steen SN (1991): Precontest strategies of a male bodybuilder. Int J Sport Nutr 1: 69-78 https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.1.1.69
  25. Tesch PA, Larsson L (1982): Muscle hypertrophy in bodybuilders. Eur J Appl Physiol 53: 253-259 https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1982.53.1.253
  26. Too D, Wakayama EJ, Locati LL, Landwer GE (1998): Effect of a precompetition bodybuilding diet and training regimen on body composiion and blood chemistry. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 38: 245-252
  27. Walberg-Rankin J, Edmonds CE, Gwazdauskas FC (1995): Diet and Weight changes of female bodybuilders before and after competition. J Strength Cond Res 9(2): 116-124
  28. Woo SI, Cho SS, Kim KW, Kim JH (1998) Nutrition supplement use, nutrition knowledge and nutrient intake of athletes. Korean J Comm Nutr 3(1): 94-106