TCP Throughput Effective Vertical Handoff Decision Scheme for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

이기종 무선망에서의 TCP 성능 기반 수직적 핸드오프 결정 방안

  • 석우진 (한국과학기술정보연구원 연구망개발팀) ;
  • 최영환 (충남대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 김상하 (충남대학교 컴퓨터공학과)
  • Published : 2007.12.15

Abstract

Vertical handoff is a new type of handoff in wireless networks. It is issued when a mobile node moves over overlapping wireless networks with each proving a different access bandwidth, transmission latency, and coverage. By issuing the vertical handoff, the mobile node can obtain better network bandwidth. In the sense of TCP throughput, however, the vertical handoff does not always produce positive performance gain, so sometimes it is better for the mobile node to stay at lower bandwidth providing network rather than to select and move to higher bandwidth providing network. In this paper, we analyze TCP throughput for vertical handoff, and propose a new handoff decision scheme which can estimate TCP throughput at the moment of vertical handoff. Based on the estimation, a mobile node can decide to issue vertical handoff to produce better TCP throughput, and we verify the results by simulations.

수직적 핸드오프는 전송대역, 전송지연시간, 전파영역이 다양한 무선망들이 중첩되어 있는 환경에서의 새로운 형식의 핸드오프이다. 수직적 핸드오프를 통하여, 무선 단말은 최적의 전송대역을 제공하는 무선망을 선택할 수 있다. 그러나 TCP 전송률 관점에서는 이러한 수직적 핸드오프가 항상 향상된 성능을 제공하는 것은 아니며, 낮은 전송대역을 제공하는 무선망에 머무르는 것이, 높은 전송대역을 선택하여 이동하는 것보다 더 좋은 성능을 보이기도 한다. 본 논문에서는, 수직적 핸드오프 환경에서의 TCP 전송률을 예측하며, 예측된 TCP 전송률에 기반하여 최적의 TCP 전송률을 제공할 수 있는 수직적 핸드오프 결정 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 시뮬레이션 연구를 통하여 검증하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. M. Stemm, R. H. Katz, 'Vertical handoffs in wireless overlay networks,' ACM Mobile Networking and Applications, Vol.3, No.4, pp. 335-350, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019197320544
  2. Q. Zhang, C. Guo, Z. Guo, and W. Zhu, 'Efficient Mobility Management for Vertical Handoff between WWAN and WLAN,' IEEE Communication Magazine, pp. 102-108, November 2003
  3. T. Schwade and J. Schuler, 'Investigations on TCP Behavior during Handoff,' IT Workshop Wurzburg, July 2001
  4. R. Chakravorty, P. Vidales, K. Subramanian, I. Pratt, and J. Crowcroft, 'Performance Issues with Vertical Handovers - Experiences from GPRS Cellular and Wireless LAN Hot-spots Integration,' in Proc. IEEE PERCOM, pp. 155-164, March 2004
  5. W. Hansmann, M. Frank, and M. Wolf, 'Performance Analysis of TCP Handover in a Wireless/ Mobile Multi-Radio Environment,' in Proc. IEEE LCN, pp. 585-594, November 2002
  6. S. E. Kim and J. A. Copeland, 'TCP for Seamless Vertical Handoff in Hybrid Mobile Data Networks,' in Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM, No.1, pp. 661- 665, December 2003
  7. S. E. Kim and J. A. Copeland, 'Interworking Between WLANs and 3G Networks : TCP Challenges,' in Proc. IEEE WCNC, Vol.2, pp. 1252-1257, March 2004
  8. A. Gurtov and J. Korhonen, 'Effect of vertical handovers on performance of TCP-friendly rate control,' ACM Mobile Computing and Communications Review, Vol.8, No3, pp. 73-87, July 2004 https://doi.org/10.1145/1031483.1031494
  9. N. Brownlee, 'Some Observations of Internet Stream Lifetime,' Passive and Active Measurement Workshop, 2005
  10. J. McNair and F. Zhu, 'Vertical Handoffs in Fourth-generation Multinetwork Environments,' IEEE Wireless Communication, Vol.11, No.3, June 2004
  11. Q. Song and A. Jamlipour, 'A Network Selection Mechanism for Next Generation Networks,' In Proc. IEEE ICC, May 2005
  12. F. Zhu and J. McNair, 'Optimizations for Vertical Handoff Decision Algorithms,' in Proc. IEEE WCNC, pp. 867-872, 2004
  13. A. Calvagna and G. D. Modica, 'A User Centric Analysis of Vertical Handovers,' 2nd ACM international workshop on Wireless mobile applications and services on WLAN hotspots table of contents, pp. 137-146, 2004
  14. W. Chen and Y. Shu, 'Active Application Oriented Vertical Handoff in Next Generation Wireless Networks,' In Proc. IEEE WCNC, March 2005
  15. C. Burmeister, U. Killat, J. Bachmann, 'TCP Throughput Optimized Handover Decisions,' 11th European Wireless Conference, 2005
  16. W. Hansmann, M. Frank, and M. Wolf, 'Performance Analysis of TCP Handover in a Wireless/ Mobile Multi-Radio Environment,' in Proc. IEEE LCN, November 2002
  17. Hayes and S. Ian, 'Just Enough Wireless Computing,' Prentice Hall PTR, pp. 305-309, August 2002
  18. LAN/MAN Standard Committee of IEEE Computer Society, 'Part11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical (PHY) specifications: Higher-Speed Physical Layer Extecsion in the 2.4Ghz Band,' IEEE Std 802.11b-1999(R2003), June 2003
  19. V. Paxson and M. Allman, 'Computing TCP's Retransmission Timer,' RFC 2988, November 2000
  20. A. Zahran, B. Liang, and A. Saleh, 'Signal threshold adaptation for vertical handoff in heterogeneous wireless networks,' Springer, Mobile Network Applications, Vol. 11, pp. 625-640, May 2006 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-006-7326-7
  21. G. P. Pollini, 'Trends in handover design,' IEEE Communication Magazine, Vol. 3, No. 34, pp. 82-90, March 1996
  22. ANSI/IEEE, Wireless LAN Media Access Control (MAC) and Physical Control Specifications, [Online] Available: http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/ download/802.11-1999.pdf