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감자절간 기내배양에서 소괴경의 형성과 형태적 발달

Microtuberization and Morphological Development by Culture Condition In Vitro Node Culture of Potato

  • 황혜연 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 이영복 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과)
  • 발행 : 2007.12.31

초록

기내에서 배양되고 있는 감자 (Solanum tuberosum L.)로부터 액아와 완전히 전개된 잎이 부착된 약 1 cm 크기의 절간을 채취하였다. 절간의 잎은 제거한 후 온도, 일장, sucrose, CCC의 처리가 소괴경의 형성과 비대에 미치는 영향에 관하여 확인하기 위해 MS배지에서 배양을 하였다. 기내 소괴경의 형성에 있어 $20^{\circ}C$$28^{\circ}C$의 두 처리간에 있어 배양 80일 후에 형성된 괴경의 크기나 생체중 모두 $28^{\circ}C$에 비해 $20^{\circ}C$에서 유의성 있는 효과를 보였으며, 배지에 첨가되는 sucrose의 영향에 있어서도 농도에 따른 차이가 뚜렷하여 8% sucrose가 3% 보다 괴경의 비대 발육을 촉진하였다. 일장의 영향은 배지의 sucrose의 농도의 영향을 많이 받았다. $20^{\circ}C$에서는 sucrose가 8%일 때 일장에 관계없이 괴경의 형성이 양호하였지만 sucrose의 농도가 3%일 경우에는 일장과 관계없이 액아는 신초로 발달하였다. 그러나 $28^{\circ}C$의 고온에서는 8% sucrose와 8시간의 단일에서만 괴경의 비대에 효과가 있었다. CCC의 영향에 있어서 괴경의 구중은 sucrose 농도가 8%의 배지에서는 모든 일장에서 괴경의 형성이 양호하였으며 일장이 짧을 수록 효과는 더 양호하였다. 배양온도에 따른 감자의 액아부위 세포의 조직학적 변화에 있어서는 저온조건에서 괴경이 형성이 촉진되어 세포의 조직은 신장생장보다 비후생장을 함을 관찰할 수 있었다. 일장조건에 따른 변화에 있어서는 암조건에서 조직의 비후 생장이 뚜렷함을 관찰할 수 있었으며, CCC의 첨가 유무에 따른 변화에 있어서는 CCC를 첨가한 조건에서 양호한 현상을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 또한 조직의 변화에 있어서 배양한지 9일이 되었을 때 pith, cortex 및 perimedullary tissue에 있는 parenchyma 세포의 수와 크기가 증가된 것으로 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 조직내 위치별 세포분열의 가시적 비율에서는 pith부위 보다 cortex부위에서 세포비후의 비율이 큰 것으로 보였다. Sucrose, CCC 및 일장차이에 따른 AGPase 활성의 변화에 있어서 암처리에서는 sucrose 농도 3%보다 8%에서 양호하였고 sucrose 3%, 8%에서도 각각 CCC의 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 8시간 처리에서는 sucrose 농도 3%보다 8%에서 양호하였고 sucrose 3%, 8%에서는 CCC의 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 16시간 처리 sucrose 농도 3%보다는 8%에서 양호하였고 sucrose 3%에서는 CCC의 효과가 나타나지 않았으나 8%에서는 CCC의 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 결과적으로 sucrose의 농도가 높고, CCC와 암처리의 괴경형성의 촉진조건에서 AGPase의 활성이 양호함을 볼 때, AGPase가 starch 합성에 중요한 물질이라는 사실이 확인되었다.

One-node stem pieces ca. 1 cm in length containing a axillary bud and a fully expanded leaf were obtained from it in vitro plants of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Leaves were removed and the nodes were cultured on the MS medium to investigate the effects of temperature, day length, sucrose, and CCC in microtuber formation and development. The fresh weight of microtubers after 80 days increased significantly at 8% sucrose and $20^{\circ}C$ compared with $28^{\circ}C$. The tuberization and development were reduced at $28^{\circ}C$ except short-day treatment of 8 hours at 8% sucrose. The fresh weight and diameter were increased on the culture medium added CCC 500 mg/L. The potato tuberization was promoted under short daylength, and it showed great effect by treatment with the CCC. Though the tuberization was promoted at low temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ in a histologic change of an axillary bud part cell of a potato, the cells were able to observe the swelling growth. Swelling growth of tissue was stimulated in the darkness and was more remarkable by addition of CCC. In particular, in the visual ratio of cell division for each position in the tissue, the cortex part showed larger ratio of cell expansion than that of the pith part. The effect of CCC was identified at 8% sucrose in the darkness. The effect of CCC was not showed in sucrose 3% under long daylength of 16 hours. As a result, the fact of a substance with AGPase important for starch composition was certified by the result with the inclose of AGPase activity on high concentration of sucrose, CCC, and dark treatment by which tuber formation and development are promoted.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. Recent advances in the applications of tissue culture and genetic transformation in potato vol.37, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2010.37.4.456