Ultra Wideband CPW Baluns Having Multistage Wilkinson Structure

다단 윌킨슨 구조의 초광대역 CPW 발룬

  • Lim Jong-Sik (Division of Information Technology Engineering, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Park Ung-Hee (Department of Electronics, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Jeong Yong-Chae (Division of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Ahn Dal (Division of Information Technology Engineering, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Oh Seong-Min (Division of Information Technology Engineering, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Koo Jae-Jin (Division of Information Technology Engineering, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim Kwang-Soo (Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology)
  • 임종식 (순천향대학교 정보기술공학부) ;
  • 박웅희 (강원대학교 전자정보통신공학부 전자공학) ;
  • 정용채 (전북대학교 전자정보공학부) ;
  • 안달 (순천향대학교 정보기술공학부) ;
  • 오성민 (순천향대학교 정보기술공학부) ;
  • 구재진 (순천향대학교 정보기술공학부) ;
  • 김광수 (대구경북과학기술연구원)
  • Published : 2006.09.01

Abstract

Ultra wideband CPW batons are proposed in this paper. The proposed talons are consisted of ultra wideband multi-stage Wilkinson dividers and 'X'-shaped $180^{\circ}$ out-of-phase generator. Bottom-bridges and via-holes are used to connect CPW ground lines instead of the conventional air-bridges which require troublesome manual working in fabrication with HMIC(Hybrid Microwave Integrated Circuits) substrates. The proposed CPW batons have ultra wideband of 3 or $10(=F_{figh}/F_{low})$ theoretically, the wideband characteristics and S-parameters of the basis Wilkinson divider are directly converted to those of the proposed batons. The proposed batons are so compact and small compared to the conventional Wilkinson batons because no additional area for out-of-phase section is required. So the size of the proposed batons is exactly the same as that of the basis Wilkinson dividers. As examples, 3-stage and 7-stage wideband Wilkinson dividers are converted to the proposed batons. Their measured operating bandwidth are $1\sim3GHz$ and $0.8\sim5GHz$, respectively, with excellent matching, isolation and power division performances. The measured magnitude and phase balance errors are ${\pm}0.5dB\;and\;0.45\;dB,\;and\;{\pm}5^{\circ}\;and\;{\pm}10^{\circ}C$ over $1\sim3GHz\;and\;0.8\sim5GHz$, respectively.

본 논문에서는 초광대역 CPW(Coplanar Waveguide) 발룬을 제안한다. 제 안된 발룬에는 초광대역을 위한 다단윌킨슨 전력 분배기 구조와 CPW의 "X"-형태의 $180^{\circ}$의 위상차 생성 구조를 갖는다. 또한 CPW 선로에 필요한 접지간 연결을 위하여 bottom-bridge와 via-hole을 사용하는 방법을 제안하여 HMIC(Hybrid Microwave Integrated Circuits) 제작 공정에서 CPW 회로 제작을 편리하게 하였다. 제안된 발룬은 이론적으로 3 또는 10의 초광대역 주파수 대역폭$(=F_{high}/F_{low})$을 갖는데, 윌킨슨 분배기의 초광대역 주파수 특성 과 S-파라미터 특성을 그대로 발룬의 특성으로 전환된다. 제안된 발룬은 $180^{\circ}$ 위상차 생성을 위한 별도의 추가적인 면적을 요구하지 않으므로, 설계의 바탕이 되는 전력 분배기와 같은 크기를 갖는다. 예로써 제작한 3단과 7단 분배기 구조의 발룬은 각각 $1\sim3GHz,\;0.8\sim5GHz$의 주파수 대역에서 우수한 정합 특성, 출력 단자+간 격리 특성, ${\pm}0.5dB$${\pm}0.45dB$의 전력분배 비 에러를 보여주고 있다. 또한 출력 단자간 위상차 에러는 각각 ${\pm}5^{\circ}$${\pm}10^{\circ}$이다.

Keywords

References

  1. E. J. Wilkinson, 'An N-way hybrid power divider', IRE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. MTT-8, pp. 116-118, Jan. 1960
  2. Jong-Sik Lim, Dong-Joo Kim, Yong-Chae Jeong, and Dal Ahn, 'A size-reduced CPW balun using a 'X'-crossing structure', 35th European Microwave Conference Proceedings, Paris, pp. 521-524, Oct. 2005
  3. L. Young, 'Tables for cascaded homogeneous quarter-wave transformers', IRE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. MTT-7, no. 4, pp. 233-328, Apr. 1959
  4. Seymour B. Cohn, 'A class of broadband three-port TEM-mode hybrids', IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. MTT-16, no. 2, pp. 110-116, Feb. 1968
  5. J. Rogers R., Bhatia, 'A 6 to 20 GHz planar balun using a Wilkinson divider and lange couplers', IEEE MTT-S Digest, p. 865, 1991
  6. Ung-Hee Park, Jong-Sik Lim, 'A 700-to 2,500-MHz microstrip balun using a Willkinson divider and 3-dB quadrature couplers', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 333-335, Nov. 2005 https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.21162
  7. T. Wang, K. Wu, 'Size-reduction and band-broadening design technique of uniplanar hybrid ring coupler using phase inverter for M(H)HIC's', IEEE MTT Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 198-206, Feb. 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/22.744295
  8. C. W. Kao, C. H. Chen, 'Miniaturized uniplanar $180^{\circ}$ hybrid-ring couplers with 0.8 ${\lambda}_g$ and 0.67 ${\lambda}_g$ circumferences', 2000 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, pp. 217-220, Dec. 2000
  9. M. H. Murgulescu, E. Moisan, P. Leguad, E. Penard, and I. Zaquine, 'New wideband 0.67 ${\lambda}_g$ circumferences $180^{\circ}$ hybrid ring coupler', Electronics Letters, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 299-300, Feb. 1994 https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19940234