A Case of Fat Embolism Syndrome of Fat Globules Found in BAL Fluid after Recovery from Acute Respiratory Failure

급성호흡부전 호전 후 기관지폐포세척에서 지방과립구가 확인된 지방색전증후군 1예

  • Park, Song Ree (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Soo (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jae Hyung (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Sang Heon (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Tae Hyung (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoon, Ho Joo (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Sung Soo (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Dong Ho (Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Chan Kum (Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine)
  • 박송리 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김현수 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이재형 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김상헌 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김태형 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 윤호주 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박성수 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 신동호 (한양대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박찬금 (한양대학교 의과대학 병리학교실)
  • Received : 2006.09.18
  • Accepted : 2006.10.09
  • Published : 2006.12.30

Abstract

Fat embolism syndrome is a rare clinical diagnosis of dyspnea with acute respiratory failure and neurological signs caused by a traumatic long bone fracture. We report a case of fat embolism in a 22 year-old man after a traffic accident. Dyspnea and stuporous mental changes developed on the $1^{st}$ day after the external fixation operation of a left metaphyseal femur fracture. On the following day, he was transferred from a hospital to this one because of acute respiratory failure. After recovery, macrophages with fat droplets were found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1. It is important to diagnose a fat embolism as the correct cause of acute respiratory failure through the BAL in the acute state of fat embolism syndrome It is believed that clinically apparent or sometimes hidden fat embolism syndrome can be diagnosed from the BAL during the recovery state.

지방색전증후군은 외상 등의 원인으로 발생한 지방색전에 의해 유발되는 전신 질환으로 급성호흡부전 및 의식변화를 초래할 수 있다. 저자들은 평소 질병이 없던 22세 남자로 교통사고에 의한 대퇴골 간부 및 다발성 골절을 입고 개인병원에서 외부고정장치 수술 받은 후 다음 날부터 호흡곤란과 의식저하 보여 본원에 전원된 환자에서, 증상 발현 당시는 급성호흡부전증을 동반한 지방색전증후군으로 추정 진단하고, 증상 호전 후 시행한 기관지 폐포세척액에서 대식세포내 지방과립구를 확인하여 보고한다. 급성호흡부전증의 급성기에 기관지내시경을 시행하는 것은 호흡부전의 원인 감별에 도움이 되지만 때로 환자에게 위험을 초래할 수도 있으므로, 임상적으로 지방색전증후군이 추정되는 환자에서 회복기에 기관지폐포세척검사를 시행하는 것은 확진에 도움이 될 수 있으리라 추정된다.

Keywords

References

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