Nutritional Sciences

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
권호 표지

Moderate Physical Training Can Increase Muscle Glycogen Levels but Does Not Alter Protein Levels with Exercise in Rats

  • Choi, Eun-Young (Department of Food & Nutrition, Duksung Women's University) ;
  • Cho, Youn-Ok (Department of Food & Nutrition, Duksung Women's University)
  • Published : 2006.05.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of physical training on the utilization and recuperation of stored fuel with exercise in rats. For physical training, animals were exercised on treadmill for 30 minutes everyday. Forty eight rats were given either a physical training or no training for 4 weeks and were then subdivided into 3 groups: before-exercise (BE); during-exercise (DE); after-exercise (AE). The DE group was exercised on treadmill for 1 hour just before being sacrificed Animals in the AE group were allowed to take a rest for 2 hours after being exercised like the DE group. Glucose and free fatty acids were compared in plasma. Glycogen and triglycerides were compared in liver and skeletal muscle. Protein were compared in plasma, liver and skeletal muscle of rats. Plasma glucose levels of trained group were not significantly different from those of non-trained group. Muscle glycogen levels of trained group were significantly higher than those of non-trained group. Liver glycogen level of trained group was also significantly higher than that of non-trained group in DE while was not significantly different from those of non-trained group in BE and AF. Plasma free fatty acid levels of trained group were significantly higher than those of non-trained group in BE and AE. Muscle triglyceride levels of trained group tended to be higher than those of non-trained group in BE and DE and significantly higher than those of non-trained group in AF. Plasma and muscle protein levels of trained group were not significantly different from those of non-trained group. liver protein levels of trained group were not significantly different from those of non-trained group in BE and DE but were significantly higher than that of non-trained group in AE. Thus, it is suggested that an even moderate physical training may delay the onset of fatigue and improve exercise performance by facilitating the mobilization and oxidation of fat and conserving limited carbohydrate store.

Keywords

References

  1. Melissa B, Sara W, Marilyn L, Kimberly B, Rcikey EC, Lottie McClorin, Antronette Y. Factors associated with physical activity among african-american men and women. Am J Prevent Med 30:340-346, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2005.11.007
  2. Barentt C, Carey M, Proietto J, Cerin E, Febbraio MA, Jenkins D. Muscle metabolism during sprint exercise in man: influence of sprint training. J Sci Med & Sport 7:314-322, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1440-2440(04)80026-4
  3. Steven RS, Patricia AG, Neeraj A, Robert TM. Exercise training enhances glycolytic and oxidative enzymes in canine ventricular myocardium. J Molecular & Cellular Cardiol 32:903-913, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1006/jmcc.2000.1131
  4. Adrianne EH. The influence of exercise on postprandial triacylglycerol metabolism. Atherosclerosis 141:93-100, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(98)00225-1
  5. Douglas LB, Jean RHB, Philip AA, Janet C, Jorge CE. Contrasting effects of resistance and aerobic training on body composition and metabolism after diet-induced weight loss. Metabolism 45:179-183, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0026-0495(96)90050-5
  6. Angelo T, Jean-Aime S, Claude B. Impact of exercise intensity on body fatness and skeletal muscle metabolism. Metabolism 43:814-818, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(94)90259-3
  7. Richard HK, Sanders WR. Molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle adaptations to exercise. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine 1:341-346, 1991 https://doi.org/10.1016/1050-1738(91)90072-M
  8. Hans L, Monica C, Jan F, Per T, Jan K. Increase of lipoprotein-lIpase activity in skeletal muscle during heavy exercise. Relation to epinephrine excretion. Metabolism 30:1130-1134, 1981 https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(81)90059-7
  9. Wayne AE, Richard LH, Lynis DG. Effect of physical training on esterification of glycerol-3-phosphate by homogenates of liver, skeletal muscle, heart, and adipose tissue of rats. Metabolism 22:473-480, 1973 https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(73)90039-5
  10. Thorbjorn CAA, Jesper BB, Ditte KK, Christian E, Peter P, Bente KP, Jorgen FPW. Oral glucose ingestion attenuates exercise-induced activation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase in human skeletal muscle. Biochem & Biophys Res Com 342:949-955, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.057
  11. Zoe J, McK., Jennifer AA, Peter TPB, Michael IT, Toos S, Campbell HT, Graham JK. Exercise capacity and quadriceps muscle metabolism following training in subjects with COPD. Res Med, Available online (3 March), 2006
  12. Jason MRG, Ali AM, William RF, Stephen JC, Naveed S, Chris JP, John RP, Muriel JC. Effects of a moderate exercise session on postprandial lipoproteins, apolipoproteins and lipoprotein remnants in middle-aged men. Atherosclerosis 185:87-96, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.06.009
  13. Tatiana SC, Ana PT, Maria JC, Fernanda KM. Influence of high-intensity exercise training and anabolic androgenic steroid treatment on rat tissue glycogen content. Life Sciences 77:1030-1043, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2005.03.001
  14. Waldercir P, Lima LC, Carnevali Jr, Robson E, Luis Fernando BP, Costa R, Elfriede MB, Marilia CLS. Lipid metabolism in trained rats: Effect guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) supplementation. Clin Nutr 24:1019-1028, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2005.08.004
  15. Thorbjorn CAA, Jesper BB, Ditte KK, Christian E, Peter P, Bente KP, Jorgen FPW. Oral glucose ingestion attenuates exercise-induced activation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase in human skeletal muscle. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 342:949-955, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.057
  16. Hassid WZ, Abraham X. Chemical procedure for analysis of polysaccharides. In: CoIuwick SP and Kaplan NO, ed. Methods in enzymology. pp.34-50, Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1957
  17. Clyde W. Carbohydrate intake and recovery from exercise. Sci Sports 19:239-244, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2004.05.005
  18. Mark H. Muscle glycogen and metabolic regulation. Proceedings of the nutrition Society 63:217-220, 2004
  19. Regina CMB, Yeda SD, Criatinano MG, Hosana GR, Genova MXE, Luciane AF, Carlos RP, Antonio CC, Ethel LBN. Interaction of hypercaloric diet and physical exercise on lipid profile, oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses. Food and Chem Toxicol, Available online (3 March), 2006
  20. Lemon PW. Is increased dietary protein necessary or beneficial for individuals with a physically active life style- Nutr Rev 54:S169-S175, 1996
  21. Lars LA, Goran T, Mette KZ, Regina MC, George V, Michael K, Chalortte S, Peter M, per A. The effect of resistance training combined with timed ingestion of protein on muscle fiber size and muscle strength. Metabolism 54:151-156, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2004.07.012
  22. Dorien PAL, Wim HS, Gabby BH, Marleen AB. Long-term effects of low-intensity exercise training on fat metabolism in weight-reduced obese men. Metabolism 51:1003-1010, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2002.34028
  23. David SR, Will GH. Effects of high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets on metabolism and performance in cycling. Metabolism 51:678-690, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2002.32723
  24. Jacquelyn KJ, Nicholaus BM, Craig EB, Evan LT, Kathleen CW, Zandrie H, John LI, Jack HW. Changes in plasma free fatty acids and glycerols during prolonged exercise in trained and hypertensive persons taking propranolol and pindolol. Am J Cardiol 66:1336-1341, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(90)91164-2
  25. Martin WH III, Dalsky GP, Hurley BF. Effect of endurance training on plasma free fatty acid turn over and oxidation during exercise. Am J Phsiol 265:E708-714, 1993
  26. Martin WH. Effects of acute and chronic exercise on fat metabolism. Exer Sport Sci Rev 24:203-231, 1996