Changes of Nutrient Accumulation Type and Chemical Property on Annual Dressing Paddy Soil in Fluvio-marine deposit

하해혼성 충적층 유기물 연용 논토양의 화학성 및 양분 집적형태 변화

  • 양창휴 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 유영석 (전북농업기술원 숙근약초시험장) ;
  • 류철현 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 정지호 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 김재덕 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 정광용 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소)
  • Received : 2006.08.18
  • Accepted : 2006.11.08
  • Published : 2006.12.30

Abstract

A long-term experiment was initiated in 1979 at Experiment Farm of Honam Agricultural Research Institute, to investigate the effects of continued use of organic matter (rice straw and compost) along with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer in rice cultivation. The soils of experimental plots is classified as Jeonbug series developed on Fluvio-marine deposits. The application rates of rice straw and compost were 5 Mg/ha/year and 10 Mg/ha/per year, respectively. The fertilizer N application rates per season were 0, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg/ha. In 2002, after 24 years of experiment, the effect of different treatments on soil pH, characteristics soil organic matter, soil N and P were investigated. The results of the study is summarized as following. The continue use of organic matter tended to lower the soil pH, to increase organic matter and available phosphate contents. The rice straw tended to lower soil pH more than compost, while the effect of compost was greater in increasing soil organic matter and available soil P then rice straw. The application of organic matter resulted in the increase in total organic N in the soil. Such effect was greater in compost application than in rice straw application. In organic N, greatest was amino acid-N, followed by unidentifiable organic N. The least was amino sugar-N. The application of organic matter with and without nitrogen fertilizer affected the in organic fractions of P, particularly Fe-P and Al-P. The application of rice straw tended to increase Ca-P.

본 연구는 유기물 및 동일비료를 하해혼성 충적토 전북통에서 24년 연용 후 주구인 유기물(무시용, 볏짚, 퇴비)에 세구인 질소시비량(0, 100, 150, 200, $250kg\;ha^{-1}$)을 5수준으로 처리하여 년차별 토양화학성과 유기태 질소 및 무기태 인산의 형태별 집적량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 유기물 시용으로 토양산도는 다소 낮아졌으며 그 정도는 볏짚을 준 경우가 퇴비를 줄 경우보다 컸다. 토양 중 유기물 함량은 연차적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 퇴비 시용 구에서 더 증가했다. 유효인산 함량은 관행(NPK)의 경우 감소하였고 유기물 시용으로 증가했으며 퇴비 시용 구에서 더 증가하였다. 토양 중 총유기태질소 함량은 퇴비>볏짚>무시용 순으로 높았으며 유기태 질소 중 산가용 비유출성질소(아미노산태 질소)>산불용성질소(미동정태질소)>산가용 유출성질소(아미노당태 질소) 순으로 많았다. 산가용 비유출성질소는 볏짚+질소시비에서 $918mg\;kg^{-1}$로 총유기태질소의 52.7%를 차지하였고 산가용유출성질소는 볏짚+질소 무시비, 산불용성질소 및 산가용 유출성질소는 퇴비+질소시비에서 많았다. 또한 토양 중 총무기태인산 함량은 볏짚+질소시비>퇴비+질소시비>퇴비+질소무시비>무시용+질소시비>볏짚+질소시비 순으로 많았다. 볏짚+질소 무시비에서는 무기태 인산이 모두 높았고 특히 Fe-P 함량이 $425mg\;kg^{-1}$로 가장 높았다. 퇴비+질소시비 및 무시용+질소시비에서는 Fe-P 및 Al-P 함량이 높은 반면에 질소 무시비와 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. Ca-P 함량이 볏짚과 퇴비 시용으로 높아진 것은 유기물의 인산집적 뿐만 아니라 토양환경의 변화 즉 환원이 높게 진행된 결과로 생각된다.

Keywords

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