Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
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Assessment of Arable Soil Erosion Risk in Seonakdong River Watershed using GIS, RS and USLE

USLE 및 GIS, RS를 이용한 서낙동강 유역 농경지 토양침식 위험도 평가

  • Ko, Jee-yeon (National Institute of Crop Science, Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Jae-saeng (National Institute of Crop Science, Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute) ;
  • Jung, Ki-yul (National Institute of Crop Science, Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute) ;
  • Yun, Eul-soo (National Institute of Crop Science, Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute) ;
  • Choi, Yeong-dae (National Institute of Crop Science, Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Choon-shik (National Institute of Crop Science, Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Bok-jin (School of Biological Resource, Yeungnam University)
  • 고지연 (작물과학원 영남농업연구소) ;
  • 이재생 (작물과학원 영남농업연구소) ;
  • 정기열 (작물과학원 영남농업연구소) ;
  • 윤을수 (작물과학원 영남농업연구소) ;
  • 최영대 (작물과학원 영남농업연구소) ;
  • 김춘식 (작물과학원 영남농업연구소) ;
  • 김복진 (영남대학교)
  • Received : 2006.03.21
  • Accepted : 2006.06.05
  • Published : 2006.06.30
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Abstract

Purpose of this study was to estimate of soil erosion, which is related with crop productivity and water quality in watershed, in Seonakdong river watershed using USLE. The data set for USLE estimation were derived from detailed digital map(K factor), satellite imagery(C and P factors) and DEM(LS factor). The R factor was calculated by AWS data from Kimhae agricultural technology center. The soil loss from arable land was equivalent of 31.5% of total soil loss in Seonakdong river watershed. The soil loss amount of paddy field and upland were 2.8% and 97.2% of arable land, respectively, even in the area where paddy field was occupied much largely as 76.3%. The reason of large amount of soil loss from upland was that 30.4% of upland was distributed at "severe" and "very severe" soil erosion grade in watershed. The distribution of soil erosion grade during cropping season(May-Sept.) was similar to the annual soil loss. Soil erosion of non-cropping season(Oct.-Apr.) was small due to a low R factor. But, soil erosion grade of near mountain footslope areas showed severe and very severe even in non-cropping season.

서낙동강 유역에서 USLE모형을 이용하여 농경지의 작물생산량 및 농업용수 수질과 관련 있는 농경지의 토양침식량을 평가하였다. 모형인자의 data set은 구축에 드는 노력과 시간의 소모를 최소화하고자 정밀토양도, 인공위성 영상 및 DEM자료로부터 RS와 GIS를 이용하여 구축하였는데, 토양상별 K 인자를 정밀토양도에 적용하여 주제도를 작성하고, 인공위성 영상(Landsat TM)으로부터 토지 피복도를 작성하여 C 및 P 인자의 주제도를 작성하였으며, DEM으로부터 LS 인자 주제도를 작성하였다. R인자는 서낙동강 유역 내에 위치하는 김해농업기술센터의 AWS 자료를 이용하여 계산하였다. 농경지발생 토양침식량은 유역전체 발생량의 31.5%였고, 농경지 토양유실량의 97.5%는 밭토양에서 일어나는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 서낙동강 유역이 삼각주평야지대로 경사가 거의 없으나 밭토양의 30.4%는 severe 및 very severe의 침식정도에 분포하였기 때문이다. 또한 식생의 토지 피복 상태 및 강우량의 정도에 따라 작물재배기(5월~9월)와 비재배기(10월~4월)로 나누어 토양침식량을 평가한 결과, 작물재배기는 연간 토양유실위험도와 유사한 경향이었고, 작물비재배포기는 R 값이 작물재포기의 약 1/5에 불과하였음에도 산과 인접한 경사지 밭토양의 일부는 severe 및 very severe의 토양침식 등급을 나타내어서 토양침식 관리에 주의가 필요하였다.

Keywords

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