Journal of the Korean Society of Safety (한국안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Safety (한국안전학회)
권호 표지

A Study on the Characteristics of Smoke Control using PIV in Tunnel Fires

터널내 화재시 PIV를 이용한 연기제어 특성에 관한 연구

  • Ko, Jae-Woong (Graduate School of Department of Safety Engineering, University of Incheon) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Yoon (Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Seo, Tae-Beom (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Lim, Kyung-Bum (Korea Fire Safety Association) ;
  • Rie, Dong-Ho (Department of Safety Engineering, University of Incheon)
  • 고재웅 (인천대학교 안전공학과 대학원) ;
  • 김종윤 (인하대학교 기계공학과 대학원) ;
  • 서태범 (인하대학교 기계공학과) ;
  • 임경범 (한국소방안전협회) ;
  • 이동호 (인천대학교 안전공학과)
  • Published : 2006.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aims to measure a smoke density and velocity by using the PIV method in case a fire occurs in tunnels. By doing so, this will estimate a critical velocity, examine its appropriateness, and present the basic materials necessary for designing a smoke control equipment. For this study, a visualization test was conducted based on the 1/20 miniature of a real tunnel according to the Froude scaling. As a part of basic experiments, a correlation between smoke density and brightness was analyzed here, and a critical velocity was estimated on the condition that a fire breaks out in tunnels. As a result, this study finds that there is a correlation between smoke density and brightness within a range of 100% to 30% transmittance, from which a quantitative smoke density can be obtained. The study also suggests that a critical velocity calculated from the Kennedy formula shows about 10% difference from that estimated in the test.

Keywords

References

  1. A. J. M. Heselden SSC., Studies of fire and smoke behaviour relevant to tunnels, 2nd Int. Symp. on the Aerodynamics & ventilation of vehcle tunnels, 1976
  2. Lea, C. J., Bettis, R. J. and Jagger, S. F., A review of available data models for tunnel fires. HSE Project Report, IR/L/FR/94/l2, Health and safety Executive, UK, 1995
  3. 윤성욱, 도로터널내 화재발생시 매연제거를 위한 모델해석, 서울대학교 석사논문, 1997
  4. 유영일, 이희근, 일방향 도로터널내 화재발생시 역류를 막는 환기속도결정에 관한 축소모형실험, 터널과 지하공간, Vol. 8, pp. 107 -117
  5. Y. Oka and G. T. Atkinson, Control of smoke flow in tunnel fires, Fire Safety Journal, 25, 1995
  6. PIARC, Road Safety in Tunnel, PIARC Committee on Road Tunnel, 1995
  7. K. J. Hammad, M. V. Otugen, E. B. Arik, A PIV study of the laminar axisymmetric sudden expansion flow, Experiments in Fluids, 26, pp. 266-272, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003480050288
  8. NFPA, 'The SFPE handbook of fire protection engineering', NFPA Third edition, 2000
  9. PIARC, Fire and smoke control in road tunnels, Report of the WG 6 of the Road Tunnels Committee of the PIARC, 1999