Biomolecules & Therapeutics

The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology (한국응용약물학회)
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Polyadenylation-Dependent Translational Control of New Protein Synthesis at Activated Synapse

  • Shin Chan-Young (Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Yang Sung-Il (Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kim Kyun-Hwan (Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Ko Kwang-Ho (Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University)
  • Published : 2006.06.01
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Abstract

Synaptic plasticity, which is a long lasting change in synaptic efficacy, underlies many neural processes like learning and memory. It has long been acknowledged that new protein synthesis is essential for both the expression of synaptic plasticity and memory formation and storage. Most of the research interests in this field have focused on the events regulating transcriptional activation of gene expression from the cell body and nucleus. Considering extremely differentiated structural feature of a neuron in CNS, a neuron should meet a formidable task to overcome spatial and temporal restraints to deliver newly synthesized proteins to specific activated synapses among thousands of others, which are sometimes several millimeters away from the cell body. Recent advances in synaptic neurobiology has found that almost all the machinery required for the new protein translation are localized inside or at least in the vicinity of postsynaptic compartments. These findings led to the hypothesis that dormant mRNAs are translationally activated locally at the activated synapse, which may enable rapid and delicate control of new protein synthesis at activated synapses. In this review, we will describe the mechanism of local translational control at activated synapses focusing on the role of cytoplasmic polyadenylation of dormant mRNAs.

Keywords

References

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