Journal of Veterinary Clinics (한국임상수의학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics (한국임상수의학회)
권호 표지

Prevalence of Malassezia pachydermatis in Canine Otitis Externa in Chonbuk

전북지역의 외이염에 감염된 개에 있어서 Malassezia pachydermatis 이환율

  • Chon Seung-Ki (Chon Seung Ki Animal Clinic) ;
  • Park Young-Jae (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim Heui-Eun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim Nam-Soo (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University)
  • Published : 2006.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the prevalence of Malassezia pachydermatis (M. pachydermatis) in dogs which were presented with otitis externa at the Chonbuk area from January 2002 to December 2003. A total of 589 dogs were diagnosed with otitis externa among which 243 (37.6%) dogs were affected with M pachydermatis. In addition, the prevalence of mutual relationship between the M. pachydermatis infection and ages, seasonality, breeds and ear types in otitis externa was investigated. The highest prevalence of M. pachydermatis was observed in 1 to 2 years age group, this was not statistically significant in comparison to other age groups. In summer, the prevalence of M. pachydermatis was significantly (p<0.01) higher ($57.06{\pm}2.01$) as compared with than in the winter ($21.03{\pm}3.56$), spring ($36.4{\pm}6.95$) and fall ($35.9{\pm}6.24$). A significantly (p<0.01) higher prevalence of M. pachydermatis was observed in pendulous ear dogs (49.1%) as compared to that in the erect ear dogs (23.6%). These results suggest that M. pachydermatis, the dominant causative organism of ear canal disease, strongly depends upon the seasonality and ear types.

2002년 1월부터 2003년 12월까지 전북지역의 동물병원에 외이염으로 내원한 환자의 Malassezia pachydermatis 이환율을 조사하였다. 외이염으로 진단된 총 589두의 개에서 243두(37.6%)가 M pachydermatis에 감염되어 있었다. 외이염에 감염된 개의 품종, 나이, 계절, 귀의 형태 등과 M. pachydermatis의 이환율과의 상호 관계를 조사하였다. 연령별로는 1-2년, 계절은 여름철, 귀는 pendulous 형태의 귀가 이환율이 높게 나타났다. 특히 귀의 형태와 계절적인 요인이 M. pachydermatis 이환율과 가장 관계가 깊은 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Abou-Gabal MA, Chastain CB, Hogle RM. Pityrosporum pachydermatis 'canis' as a major cause of otitis extema in dogs. Mykosen. 1979; 22: 192-199
  2. Aly R, Shirley C, Cunico B, Maibach HI. Effect of prolonged occlusion on the microbial flora, pH, carbon dioxide and transepidermal water loss on human skin. J Invest Dermatol 1978; 71: 378-381 https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12556778
  3. Angus JC, Lichtensteiger C, Campbell KL, Schaeffer DJ. Breed variations in histopathologic features of chronic severe otitis extema in dogs: 80 cases (1995-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 221: 1000-1006 https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2002.221.1000
  4. Baba E, Fukata T, Saito M. Incidence of otitis externa in dogs and cats in Japan. Vet Rec 1981; 108: 393-395 https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.108.18.393
  5. Cole LK, Kwochka KW, Kowalski JJ, Hiller A. Microbial flora and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated pathogens from the horizontal ear canal and middle ear in dogs with otitis media. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998; 212: 534-538
  6. Crespo MJ, Abarca ML, Cabanes FJ. Occurrence of Malassezia spp. in the external ear canals of dogs and cats with and without otitis externa. Med Mycol 2002; 40: 115-121 https://doi.org/10.1080/714031096
  7. Faergemann J, Aly R, Wilson DR, Maibach HI. Skin occlusion: effect on Pityrosporum orbiculare, skin $PCO_{2}$, pH, transepidermal water loss, and water content. Arch Dermatol Res 1983; 275: 383-387 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00417338
  8. Griffin CE. Otitis extern a and otitis media, In Current Veterinary Dermatology (Griffin CE, Kwochka KW, MacDonald JM, eds), Mosby Year Book Inc 1993: 245
  9. Grono LR. Studies of the microclimate of the external auditory canal in the dog. 3. Relative humidity within the external auditory meatus. Res Vet Sci 1970; 11: 316-319
  10. Grono LR, Frost AJ. Otitis externa in the dog. The microbiology of the normal and affected external ear canal. Aust Vet J 1969; 45: 420-422 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1969.tb15117.x
  11. Gueho E, Midgley G, Guillot J. The genus Malassezia with description of four new species. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1996; 69: 337-355 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00399623
  12. Guillot J, Bond R. Malassezia pachydermatis: a review. Med Mycol 1999; 37: 295-306 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-280X.1999.00237.x
  13. Hayes HM, Pickle LW, Wilson GP. Effects of ear type and weather on the hospital prevalence of canine otitis externa. Res Vet Sci 1987; 42: 294-298
  14. Kiss G, Radvanyi S, Szigeti G. Characteristics of Malassezia pachydermatis strains isolated from canine otitis externa. Mycoses. 1996; 39: 313-321 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1996.tb00146.x
  15. Marshall MJ, Harris AM, Horne JE. The bacteriological and clinical assessment of a new preparation for the treatment of otitis externa in dogs and cats. J Small Anim Pract 1974; 15: 401-410 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1974.tb06514.x
  16. Masuda A, Sukegawa T, Mizumoto N, Tani H, Miyamoto T, Sasai K, Baba E. Study of lipid in the ear canal in canine otitis extern a with Malassezia pachydermatis. J Vet Med Sci 2000; 62: 1177-1182 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.62.1177
  17. Rosychunk RA, Luttgen P. Disease of the ear. In: Ettinger, S. J., E. C. Feldman, (eds), Textbook of veterinary internal medicine: disease of the dog and cat. W.B. Saunders Company. 2000: 1185-1235
  18. Scott DW, Miller WH, Griffin CE. Fungal skin disease. In: Muller and Kirk's small animal dermatology, 6th ed. Philadelphia: W B. Saunders Company. 2001: 363-374
  19. Sharma VD, Rhoades HE. The occurrence and microbiology of otitis externa in the dog. J Small Anim Pract 1975; 16: 241-247 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1975.tb05740.x
  20. Stout-Graham M, Kainer RA, Whalen LR, Macy DW. Morphologic measurements of the external horizontal ear canal of dogs. Am J Vet Res 1990; 51: 990-994
  21. Yoshida N, Natto F, Fukata T. Studies of certain factors affecting the microorganism and microflora of the external ear of the dog in health and disease. J Vet Med Sci 2002; 64: 1145-1147 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.64.1145