스크류반응기를 이용한 흔합플라스틱의 물리적 탈염소에 관한 연구

A Study on Physical Dechlorination of Mixed Plastics using Screw Reactor

  • 김상국 (한국에너지기술연구원 에너지전환연구부) ;
  • 엄유진 (한국에너지기술연구원 에너지전환연구부) ;
  • 정수현 (한국에너지기술연구원 에너지전환연구부)
  • 발행 : 2006.02.01

초록

열가소성수지인 PVC는 우수한 물성을 가지고 있어 다양한 용도로 사용되지만 높은 염소함량으로 인하여 폐기할 때 환경문제를 야기한다. PVC로부터의 탈염소반응이 기타 플라스틱 열분해 반응보다 낮은 온도에서 일어나는 점을 이용하여 전처리공정으로의 탈염소반응 연구를 수행하였다. 반응기는 교반능력이 우수한 2축 스크류반응기를 사용하였다. 실험변수는 1차반응기온도, 2차반응기온도, 혼합플라스틱의 PVC농도, 혼합플라스틱 점도, 공급량, 2차반응기의 스크류회전수이다. 적절한 공정조건하에서 탈염소율은 $90\%$ 이상이었으며 탈염소공정에서 배출되는 염소가스를 물에 흡수하여 염산으로 회수가 가능하였다. 염소 물질수지를 취하여 스크류반응기 전후의 염소 흐름을 분석하였다.

PVC is the thermoplastic offering excellent material properties. PVC has been used in wide variety of applications, however, it causes environmental problems when it is discarded because of its high chlorine content. Since dechlorination reaction of PVC is taking place at relatively low temperature compared to the pyrolysis temperature of plastics, study on the dechlorination reaction has been carried out as a pre-treatment process. Twin screw reactor which shows excellent mixing capabilities is employed. Experimental variables are the first and second reactor temperature, PVC content in mixed plastics, viscosity of mixed plastics, feeding rate, rotational speed or the second reactor. Over $90\%$ of dechlorination ratio can be obtained under proper operation conditions. Chlorine gas evolved from reactor is absorbed in water and can be recovered as a hydrochloric acid. Analysis had been done on chlorine flows by taking material balance over realtor.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Menges, G, 1996: PVC recycling management, Pure & Appl. Chem., 68(9), pp.1809-1822 https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668091809
  2. Murty, M. V. S., Rangarajan, P., Grulke, E. A. and Bhattacharyya D., 1996: Thermal degradation/hydrogenation of commodity plastics and characterization of their liequefaction products, 49, pp.75-90
  3. 해외환경기술 1998: 염화비닐 혼합 폐플라스틱 처리장치, 첨단환경기술 pp. 75-80
  4. Kaminsky, W., Schlesselmann, B. and Simon, C. M. 1996: Thermal degradation of mixed plastic waste to aromatics and gas, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 53, pp.189-197 https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(96)00087-0
  5. Hirata Toshio 1997: Current technology & practice of energy recovery from waste plastics, The proceedings of '97 International Symposium on System and Technology for the Recycling of Wastes, Seoul, Korea pp.63- 76
  6. Kim, S. 2001 : Pyrolysis kinetics of waste PVC pipe, Waste management, 21, pp.609-616 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(00)00127-6
  7. Marcilla, A. and Beltran M. 1995: Thermogravimetric kinetic study of poly(vinyl chloride) pyrolysis, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 48, pp.219-229 https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(95)00050-V
  8. Standard test method for chlorine in coal. ASTM D236166(Reapproved 1978)