A Study on the Hazardousness and the TLV in Working Environments of Benzine

벤진의 유해 위험성과 작업환경 노출기준 연구

  • Kim, Hyeon-Yeong (Center for Occupational Toxicology, Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Bae (Center for Occupational Toxicology, Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency) ;
  • Han, Jung-Hee (Center for Occupational Toxicology, Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency) ;
  • Shin, Jea-Hoon (Center for Occupational Toxicology, Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency)
  • 김현영 (한국산업안전공단산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 이성배 (한국산업안전공단산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 한정희 (한국산업안전공단산업안전보건연구원) ;
  • 신재훈 (한국산업안전공단산업안전보건연구원)
  • Received : 2006.05.16
  • Accepted : 2006.08.10
  • Published : 2006.09.30

Abstract

Of many volatile organic detergents for metals, benzine(CAS No. 8030-30-6), of which the toxicity has not yet been proven, has been used as an alternative of the halide compounds in the consideration of toxic effects, global warming and the destruction of ozone layer. In order to evaluate the effects of the benzine on human body by investigating the subchronic inhalation toxicity, to obtain the basic data for establishing the criteria of exposure in working environments and to classify the hazardousness in compliance with the Industrial Safety and Health Act by evaluating the hazardousness, repeated inhalation exposure test was carried with SD rats. The rats were grouped by 10 females and males each. The repetitive inhalation exposures were carried out at 4 levels of concentration of 0 ppm, 60 ppm, 300 ppm, and 1,500 ppm, for 6 hours a day, 5 days a week, for 13 weeks. The results are described hereunder. 1. No death of the animals of the exposed and controlled groups in the test period. Not any specific clinical symptoms, change in feed intake quantity, abnormality in eye test, or change in activity were observed. 2. In the 300 ppm and 1,500 ppm groups, weight reduction in the female groups and weight increase of liver and kidney in the male groups compared with control group were observed with statistical significance(p<0.05). 3. In the blood test, the HCT increased in the male 300 ppm group and the number of hematocyte increased, MCV and MCH decreased in the male 1,500 ppm group. In the female 1,500 ppm group, the HB decreased and the distribution width of the hematocyte particle size increased. In the blood biochemistry test, the TP in the male 1,500 ppm group and the LDH in the female 1,500 ppm group were increased with statistical significance(p<0.05). 4. Under the test conditions of the present study with SD rats, the NOEL was evaluated to be from 60 ppm to 300 ppm for both male and female groups. By extrapolation, the NOEL for human who work 8 hours a day was evaluated to be from 128 ppm to 640 ppm 5. Since the NOEL evaluated in this study do not exceed 60ppm(0.184 mg/L) the test material does not belong to the classification of the hazardous substance "NOEL${\leq}$0.5mg/L/6hr/90day(rat), for continuous inhalation of 6hours a day for 90 days" nor to the basic hazardous chemical substance class 1(0.2 mg/L/6hr/90day(rat) defined by the GHS which is a criteria of classification and identification of chemical compounds. However, considering the boiling point($30-204^{\circ}C$), flashing point($-40^{\circ}C$), vapor pressure(40 mmHg), and the inflammable range(1.0 - 6.0 %), sufficient care should be taken for handling in the safety aspects including fire or explosion.

Keywords

References

  1. 노동부. 물질안전보건자료의 작성 비치 등에 관한 기준. 노동 부;1997
  2. 노동부. 산업안전보건법. 노동부;2003
  3. 식품의약품안전청, 의약품 등의 독성시험기준, 식품의약품 안전청;1999
  4. 정부합동 GHS 추진위원회. 화학물질의 분류 및 표지에 관한 세계조화시스템(GHS). 정부합동 GHS 추진위원회;2005
  5. 한국산업안전공단, 신규 및 기존화학물질의 관리시스템 개 발. 한국산업안전공단;2002
  6. 한국산업안전공단. MSDS, 한국산업안전공단;2005
  7. 한국산업안전공단, 2004년 제조업체 작업환경 실태조사, 한 국산업안전공단;2004
  8. 환경부. 유해물질관리법. 환경부;2003
  9. 환경부, REACH 대응전략수립 연구. 환경부;2006
  10. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. ACGIH, Cincinnati, OH;1996
  11. API; Mutagenicity Study of 13 Petroleum Fractions, Washington DC Am Petrol Ins as cited in WHO; Environ Health Criteria Number 20: Selected Petroleum Products.;1982.p.51
  12. Bingham E, Cohrssen B, Powell C.H. Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, 2001;6:794
  13. Daeschner CW Jr. Pediatr Clin North Am resp Disorders February;1957.p.243-253 as cited in WHO; Environ Health Criteria Number 20: Selected Petroleum Products;1982.p.60
  14. Dalbey W, Feuston M. Inhal Toxicol 1996;8(3):271-284 https://doi.org/10.3109/08958379609005435
  15. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). Health Effects Test Guidelines OPPTS 870.3465, 90-Day Inhalation Toxicity, US EPA 1998.
  16. Grant, W.M. Toxicology of the Eye. 3rd ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher;1986. p.714
  17. Haddad, L.M., Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Co.;1990.p.1180-1181
  18. Hashimoto D et al; J Occup Med:1991,33 (4)p.516-26
  19. Hrustaleva. Gig Tr prof Zabol 7: 31-3 (in Russian) 1979 as cited in WHO; Environ Health Criteria Number 20: Selected Petroleum Products;1982.p.57
  20. IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work).,1989 p.V47 64-72
  21. Kang BH, Son HY, Ha CS, Lee HS, Song SW. Reference values of hematology and serum chemistry in Ktc: Sprague. Dawley rats. Kor J Lab Anim Sci 1995;11:141-145
  22. NIOSH(National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), U.S. Dept. of Healte, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. DHHS;1992.p.92-100
  23. Novikov et al; Gig Tr prof Zabol 2 45-8 (in Russian) (1979) as cited in WHO; Environ Health Criteria Number 20: Selected Petroleum Products;1982.p.57
  24. OECD, The 2000 OECD List of High Production Volume Chemicals. 2001
  25. OECD. OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, TG 413: Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity: 90-day Study, Paris, France 1996
  26. OECD. OECD guideline for Testing of chemicals Draft proposal for a new guideline Acute Inhalation Toxicity - Fixed Concentration Procedure 2004;p.433
  27. Paustenbach, D.J. Occupational Exposure Limits, Pharmacokinetics, and Unusual Work Schedules. In 'Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology', Vol. IIIA(edited by Cralley, L.J. and L.V. Cralley), A Wiley Interscience Publication, New York,;1985.p.111-277
  28. Rocskay A et al; J Occup Med. 35 (6): 617-22 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199306000-00020
  29. Sheftel, V.O.; Indirect Food Additives and Polymers. Migration and Toxicology. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL;.2000.p.666
  30. Substitutes for hazardous chemicals in the workplace, CRC Press, Inc.,1996
  31. Sullivan, J.B. Jr., G.R. Krieger (eds.). Hazardous Materials Toxicology-Clinical Principles of Environmental Health. Baltimore, MD: Williams and lkins.;1992.p.1122
  32. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 1975.Vol.32, P.263 https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(75)90218-5
  33. Williams, P.L. and J.L. Burson(editors) : Industrial Toxicology-Safety and Health Applications in the Workplace., Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York,;1985.p.21-25
  34. Wolford ST, Schroer RA, Gohs FX, Gallo PP, Brodeck M, Falk HB, Ruhren FR. : Reference range data base for serum chemistry and hematology Values in laboratory animals. J Toxicol Environ Health 1986;18:161-188 https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398609530859
  35. 後藤綢, 池田正之, 原一猻外: 産業中毒使覽. 1994;p.499-505