Journal of fish pathology (한국어병학회지)

The Korean Society of Fish Pathology (한국어병학회)
권호 표지

Morphological and immunological characterizaiton of the haemocytes of the oyster, Crassostrea gigas

참굴, Crassostrea gigas, haemocytes의 형태 및 면역학적 특징

  • Kwon, Mun-Gyeong (Aquaculture Environment Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Cho, Byoung-Youl (Ulsan Regional Maritime Affairs and Fisheries office) ;
  • Choi, Hye-Seung (Aquaculture Environment Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Park, Myoung-Ae (Pathology Team, National Fisheries and Development Institute) ;
  • Park, Soo-Il (Department of Aquatic Life MEdicine, Pukyong National University)
  • 권문경 (국립수산과학원 양식환경연구소) ;
  • 조병열 (울산지방해양수산청) ;
  • 최혜승 (국립수산과학원 양식환경연구소) ;
  • 박명애 (국립수산과학원 병리연구팀) ;
  • 박수일 (부경대학교 수산생명의학과)
  • Published : 2006.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The internal defense system of mollusks consists of circulating haemocytes. In order to understand the morphological characterization of haemocytes, light and electron microscopy were carried out in oyster, Crassostera gigas. Four types of haemocytes were recognized: type Ⅰ small hyalinocytes, type Ⅱ large hyalinocytes, type Ⅲ large granulocytes and type Ⅳ small granulocytes. Additionally, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), peroxidase (POD), α-naphthyl acetate esterase, β-glucuronidase, PAS, sudan black B and oil red O in haemocytes were analysed by immunocytochemical methods. The results indicate that enzymatic activities were abundant and more active in granulocytes than in hyalinocytes. After incubation with haemoctyes and Vibrio FKC, phagocytic index and percentage of phagocytic cell were and shown to be increased from 15 to 120 min. In addition, the enzymatic activities were higher than those of controls: ALP, ACP, α-naphthyl acetate esterase and β-glcuronidase, indicating that these enzymes can be related with phagocytosis in oyster.

패류의 방어시스템에서 순환 haemocytes는 중요하다. 참굴, Crassostrea gigas haemocytes의 형태적 특징을 이해하기 위해서 광학현미경적 특징과 전자현미경적 특징을 관찰하였다. 그 결과 4종류의 haemoctyes type을 확인하였다: type Ⅰ small hyalinocytes, type Ⅱ large hyalinocytes, type Ⅲ large granulocytes, type Ⅳ small granulocytes. 또한, 면역세포학적 방법으로 haemocytes의 alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), peroxidase (POD), α-naphthyl acetate esterase, β-glucuronidase, PAS, sudan black B와 oil red O의 활성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 조사한 모든 효소의 활성이 granulocytes에서 hyalinocytes에 비하여 높게 나타났다.Haemoctyes와 Vibrio FKC를 incubation 후 식균지수와 식균율을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 식균지수와 식균율은 배양 15분째부터 증가하여 120분까지 높게 나타났다. 또한, ALP, ACP, α-naphthyl acetate esterase와 β-glcuronidase의 효소활성도 대조구에 비하여 높게 나타나 이와 같은 효소는 참굴의 식작용에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bachere, E., Chagot, D. and Grizel, H.: Separation of Crassostrea gigas haemocytes by density gradient centrifugation and counterflow centrifugal elutriation. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 12: 549-559, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-305X(88)90071-7
  2. Bayne, C. J., Moore, M. N., Carefoot, T. H. and Thompson, R. J.: Hemolymph functions in Mytilus californianus: The cytochemistry of hemocytes and their responses to foreign implants and hemolymph factors in phagocytosis. J. Inverte.Pathol., 34: 1-20, 1979 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(79)90048-X
  3. Beckmann, M., Kolb, H. A. and Lang, F.: Atomic force microscopy of peritoneal macrophages after particle phagocytosis. J. Membrane BioI., 140: 197-204, 1994
  4. Birmingham,J. R. and Jeska, E. L.: In vitro interaction of bovine mononuclear phagocytes and lipopolysaccharide from Brucella abortus. AFR J. Clinical Experimental Immunol., 2: 233-241, 1981
  5. Cheng, T. C.; Beta-glucuronidase in the serum and hemolymph cells of Mercenaria mercenaria and Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca: Pelecypoda). J. Inverte.Pathol. 27: 125-128, 1976 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(76)90036-7
  6. Cheng, T. C.: Bivalves. In ;Invertebrate Blood Cells. Academic Press, London. 231-300,1981
  7. Cheng, T. C, Huang, J. W, Karadogan, H., Renwrantz, L. R and Yoshino, T. P.: Separation of oyster hemocytes by density gradient centrifugation and identification of their surface receptors. J. Invertebrate Pathol., 36: 35-40, 1980 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(80)90132-9
  8. Cima, E, Matozzo,V., Marin, M. G. and Ballarin L.: Haemocytes of the clam Tapes philippinarum (Adams & Reeve, 1850): morphofunctional characterisation, 10: 677-693, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1006/fsim.2000.0282
  9. Hine, P. M.: The inter-relationships of bivalve haemocytes. Fish & Shellfish Immunol., 9: 367-385, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1006/fsim.1998.0205
  10. Lentzen, H., Agrawal, B., Noske, W. and Herken, H.: Isolation and characterization of internalized glioma cell membranes. Cell and Tissue Res. 236: 147-151, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00216524
  11. Maria J. C., Carmen L., Carlos A. and Antonio V.: Enzyme involved in defense functions of hemocytes of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. J. Inverte. Pathol., 70: 96-105, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1006/jipa.1997.4670
  12. Moore, C. A. and Gelder, S. R.: The role of the 'blunt' granules in hemocytes of Mercenaria mercenaria following phagocytosis. J. Invertebrate Pathol., 41: 369-377,1983 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(83)90254-9
  13. Moore, M. N. and Lowe, D. M.: The cytology and cytochemistry of the hemocytes of Mytilus edulis and their responses to experimentally injected particles. J. Invert. Pathol., 29: 1830,1977
  14. Oubella, R, Maes, P., Allam, B., Paillard, C. and Auffre, M.: Selective induction of hemocytic response in Ruditapes philippinarum (Bivalvia) by different species of Vibrio (Bacteria). Aquat. Living Resour., 9: 137-143, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1051/alr:1996017
  15. Pipe, R. K.: Hydrolytic enzymes associated with the granular hemocytes of the marine mussel Mytilus edulis. J. Histochem. 22: 595-603, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01072941
  16. Sung, H.-H. and Ryan, S.: Intrahaemocytic activity of lysosomal enzyme in Penaeus monodon and Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Fish & Shellfish Immunol. 9: 505-508, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1006/fsim.1999.0209
  17. Sung, Y. F.: Cellular defense mechanisms of oyster and mussels. American Fisheries Society Special Pub., 18: 153-168, 1988
  18. Xing, J., Zhan, W-B. and Zhou, L.: Endoenzymes associated with haemocytes types in the scallop (Chalmys farrei). Fish & Shellfish Immunol., 13: 271-278, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1006/fsim.2001.0402
  19. Yoshino, T. P. and Granath W O.: Identification of antigenically distinct hemocyte subpopulations in Biomphalaria glabrata (Gastropoda) using monoclonal antibodies to surface membrane marker. Cell and Tissue Research, 232: 553-564, 1983 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00216428