Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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Change of early atherosclerotic markers in obese children

비만아에서 조기 동맥경화증 지표들의 변화

  • Roh, Eui Jung (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Konyang University) ;
  • Yoon, Jung Min (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Konyang University) ;
  • Lim, Jae Woo (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Konyang University) ;
  • Cheon, Eun Jung (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Konyang University) ;
  • Ko, Kyoung Og (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Konyang University)
  • 노의정 (건양대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 윤정민 (건양대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 임재우 (건양대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 천은정 (건양대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 고경옥 (건양대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2005.10.27
  • Accepted : 2005.12.07
  • Published : 2006.04.15
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Abstract

Purpose : The prevalence of obesity in children is increasing rapidly. Epidemiologic studies suggest that obesity induced atherosclerosis may start in childhood. We investigated whether obese children show early abnormalities of the arterial wall and endothelial dysfunction. Methods : Thirty-eight obese children(14-16 years old of age, male, body mass index $29.40{\pm}3.18kg/m^2$) and forty-five age and sex-matched healthy control children(body mass index $18.43{\pm}1.01kg/m^2$) were enrolled. Their carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT) and brachial artery flowmediated dilation(FMD) response were measured by high-quality ultrasound system, and compliance, distensibility, stiffness index, incremental elastic modulus and wall stress were calculated by equation. In addition, we looked at the relations between these arterial features and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors. Results : The obese children had significantly increased IMT($0.52{\pm}0.09mm$ vs $0.40{\pm}0.07mm$, P< 0.001) and markedly impaired FMD($7.35{\pm}7.78$ percent vs $20.34{\pm}16.81$ percent, P<0.001) than the healthy controls. But the compliance and distensibility were lower, and the stiffness index, incremental elastic modules and wall stress were higher in the obese group than the control group, but not statistically significantly. Body mass index was highly associated with increased IMT(r=0.612, P<0.001) and reduced FMD(r=-0.414, P<0.001). Conclusion : We showed the deleterious effect of child obesity on both early functional and structural atherosclerotic markers. The ultrasonic findings will be used for screening and follow up markers to identify high-risk patients among obese children.

목 적 : 비만증은 소아과 영역에서 비교적 흔한 영양장애이며 우리나라에서도 현저히 증가되고 있고, 비만으로 인한 성인의 동맥경화증은 대부분 소아시기부터 시작된다는 것이 알려져 있다. 또한 경동맥의 기계적 특성과 상완동맥의 내피세포 기능 변화를 조사함으로써 동맥경화증의 발생과 진행에 예측 인자로 사용할 수 있다. 따라서 본 저자들은 비만아들이 이러한 혈관 이상과 내피세포 기능 이상을 보이는지 측정을 하여 알아보았다. 방 법 : 14-16세의 38명의 비만아를 대상군으로 하였고 같은 성별과 연령의 45명의 건강한 소아를 대조군으로 하였다. 고해상도 초음파를 이용하여 경동맥의 내중막 두께와 혈관 내피세포에 의존적인 혈류 의존성 상완 동맥 확장능을 측정하였으며, 경동맥의 유순도와 신전도, 경직도, 증분 탄성률, 확장기 혈관벽 중압은 공식으로 계산하여 두 군간에 차이가 있는지 조사해 보았다. 결 과 : 비만아가 정상아보다 내중막 두께가 유의 있게 증가되어 있었고, 혈류 의존성 확장능은 현저하게 감소되어 있었다. 유순도, 신전도, 경직도는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 또한 비만 정도가 심할수록, 혈압이 높을수록 내중막 두께는 증가하였으며, 비만이 독립적으로 내피세포 기능 이상을 초래함을 알 수 있었다. 결 론 : 본 연구결과 초음파를 이용하여 동맥경화증의 초기 변화로 내피세포 기능과 혈관 내벽 두께 이상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 따라서 무증상인 비만아에서 일차적인 선별검사로서 내중막 두께와 혈류 의존성 확장능은 심혈관 합병증의 위험성을 발견하는데 이용할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 치료 경과를 파악하는데도 이용할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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