Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
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Industrial Biotechnology: Bioconversion of Biomass to Fuel, Chemical Feedstock and Polymers

산업 BT: 생물 자원의 생물 변환에 의한 연료, 화학원료 및 고분자의 생산

  • Lee, Sun-Gu (Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Technology and Industry, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Sunghoon (Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Technology and Industry, Pusan National University)
  • 이선구 (부산대학교 화학생명공학과, 환경기술.산업개발연구소) ;
  • 박성훈 (부산대학교 화학생명공학과, 환경기술.산업개발연구소)
  • Received : 2005.12.22
  • Accepted : 2006.02.01
  • Published : 2006.02.28
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Abstract

The production of various commodity chemicals including fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, bulk chemicals, plastics, and fuels is based on fossil resources such as petroleum. However, the limited reserves and ever-increasing demand of petroleum lead to the rapid elevation of its price. In addition, the traditional chemical processes using petroleum as a raw material have been imposing a serious environmental burden to our planet including global warming. These problems can be alleviated substantially by employing biological raw materials and bioconversion processes. Industrial biotechnology is expected to significantly complement or replace the current petroleum-based industry and to play an important role in bringing about so-called 'bio-based society'.

우리 인류가 이룩한 산업의 발전은 화석원료에 기반을 두고 있다. 현재 인류가 사용하고 있는 대부분의 정밀 화학제품, 의약품, 각종 화학 소재, 플라스틱, 연료 등은 화석원료 특히 석유를 원료로 생산되고 있다. 그러나 석유는 수요의 지속적 증가와 매장량의 한계 때문에 최근 그 가격이 급격히 상승하고 있으며 이로 인해 세계 경제의 발전이 크게 위협받고 있다. 또한, 화석연료나 화석원료 이용하는 화학제품의 제조공정은 지구온난화 가스 및 폐기물을 대량생산하여 인류에게 심각한 환경문제를 야기하고 있다. 이에 바이오매스를 원료로 사용하는 새로운 생물화학공정, 즉 산업 BT의 필요성이 대두되었다. 산업 BT는 바이오 에탄올, 바이오 수소 등의 대체 연료, 글리세롤, 젖산, 아세톤, 부탄올, 프로피온산 및 각종 아미노산 등을 포함한 대체원료, 미생물이 생산하는 PHA 등의 바이오폴리머의 생산에 활용될 수 있으며, 궁극적으로 기존 화석원료 기반의 산업구조를 환경친화형 바이오 기반 구조로 대체할 것으로 기대되고 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 해양수산부

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