Food Science and Biotechnology

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
권호 표지

Effects of Single Cell Products of Apple on Stimulating Various Functions of Murine Peritoneal Macrophages

  • Published : 2006.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of oral administration of single cell products (SCP) of apple on activating peritoneal macrophages. Apples were processed either for cold-pressed juice or SCP, which were produced by incubating sliced apples with a protopectinase, Sumyzyme MC. Both cold-pressed juice and SCP of apple were administered to C57BL/6 mice for 10 days to compare their efficacy, along with the control group, in stimulating peritoneal macrophages. The viability of macrophages was significantly increased by up to 161% of that of the control following the administration of apple SCP, whereas the viability of macrophages was increased to a lesser extent of up to 143% in the apple juice (AJ) administered group. Administration of apple SCP also induced a significantly higher production of $H_2O_2$ from macrophages (317% of the control) than that of cold-pressed AJ (210%). Although nitric oxide (NO) production was not increased by the administration of either AJ or SCP, the latter slightly but significantly increased tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$) production from macrophages from 560.4 to 579.8 pg/mL. The results of this study suggest that administering SCP is more efficient than administering AJ to stimulate functions of peritoneal macrophages.

Keywords

References

  1. Brett CT, Waldron KW. Physiology and Biochemistry of Plant Cell Walls. Chapman & Hall, London, UK. p.45 (1996)
  2. Tolbert NE. The Biochemistry of Plants. Vol. 1, Academic Press, New York, NY, USA. pp.101-116 (1980)
  3. Nakamura T, Hours RA, Sakai T. Enzymatic maceration of vegetables with protopectinase. J. Food Sci. 60: 468-472 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1995.tb09805.x
  4. Toyama N. A cell separating enzyme as a complementary enzyme to cellulase and its applications in processing of vegetables. J. Ferment. Technol. 43: 683-689 (1965)
  5. Toyama N, Owatashi H. Extraction of green tea components from manufactured tea leaves using cellulase and cell separating enzyme. J. Ferment. Technol. 44: 830-834 (1966)
  6. Zetelaki-Horvath K, Gatai K. Disintegration of vegetable tissues by endo-polygalacturonase. Acta Aliment. Hung. 6: 227-240 (1977)
  7. Zetelaki-Horvath K, Gatai K. Application of endo-polygalacturonase to vegetables and fruits. Acta Aliment. Hung. 6: 353-377 (1977)
  8. Zetelaki-Horvath K, Urbanyi G. Determination of particle size of vegetable tissue by a sedimentation technique after enzymatic disintegration. Acta Aliment. Hung. 7: 69-78 (1978)
  9. Guillon F, Champ M. Structural and physical properties of dietary fibres, and consequences of processing on human physiology. Food Res. I. Stud. 33: 233-245 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-9969(00)00038-7
  10. Harris PJ, Ferguson LR. Dietary fibres may protect or enhance carcinogenesis. Mutat. Res. 443: 93-110 (1999)
  11. Chai YM, Kim MJ, Lim BK, Lee YJ, Rhee IK, Lee IS, Rhee SJ. Effects of dietary fiber manufactured from Quercus mongolica on imprpvement of antioxidative defense system in rats fed high cholesterol diet. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 13: 772-776 (2004)
  12. Sakai T, Okushima M. Microbial production of pectin from citrus peel. Appl. Environ. Microb. 39: 908-912 (1980)
  13. Lowenstein CJ, Dinerman JL, Snyder SH. Nitric oxide: A physiologic messenger. Ann. Intern. Med. 120: 227-237 (1994) https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-3-199402010-00009
  14. Son EH, Moon EY, Rhee DK, Pyo S. Stimulation of various functions in murine peritoneal macrophages by high mannuronic acid-containing alginate (HMA) exposure in vivo. Int. Immunopharmacol. 1: 147-154 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5769(00)00012-6
  15. Stuelp-Campelo PM, de Oliveira BM, Leao AMAC, Carbonero ER, Gorin PAJ, Iacomini M. Effect of soluble ${\alpha}$-D-glucan from the lichenized fungus Ramalina celastri on macrophage activity. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2: 691-698 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-5769(02)00003-6
  16. Duerksen-Hughes PJ, Day D, Laster SM, Zachariades NA, Aquino L, Gooding LR. Both tumor necrosis factor and nitric oxide participate in lysis of simian virus 40-transformed cells by activated macrophages. J. Immunol. 149: 2114-2122 (1992)
  17. Stuehr DJ, Nathan, CF. Nitric oxide. A macrophage product responsible for cytostasis and respiratory inhibition in tumor target cells. J. Exp. Med. 169: 1543-1555 (1989) https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.169.5.1543
  18. World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research, Food, Nutrition, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, Washington DC, USA. (1997)
  19. Steinmetz KA, Potter JD. Vegetables, fruit, and cancer prevention: a review. J. Am. Diet Assoc. 96: 1027-1039 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(96)00273-8
  20. Morton LW, Abu-Amsha CR, Puddey IB, Croft KD. Chemistry and biological effects of dietary phenolic compounds: relevance to cardiovascular disease. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. P. 27: 152-159 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03214.x
  21. Visioli F, Borsani L, Galli C. Diet and prevention of coronary heart disease: the potential role of phytochemicals. Cardiovasc. Res. 47: 419-425 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(00)00053-5
  22. RiceEvans CA, Miller NJ, Paganga G. Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Free Radical Bio. Med. 20: 933-956 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(95)02227-9
  23. Wang H, Cao GH, Prior RL. Oxygen radical absorbing capacity of anthocyanins. J. Agric. Food Chem. 45: 304-309 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960421t
  24. Middleton EJ. Effect of plant flavonoids on immune and inflammatory cell function. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 439: 175-182 (1998)
  25. Kim HK, Choi MG, Kwon JH, Kim KH. Physiological activities of Brassica oleracea var. capita extracts as affected by varieties and solvents. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 13: 367-371 (2004)