Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
권호 표지

Performance Evaluation of Bench-Scale Sulfur-Oxidizing Autotrophic Denitrificaiton Process Using Different Packing Material and Position in Reactor

담체의 종류와 배열에 따른 회분식 황 산화 탈질공정의 고농도 질산성질소를 함유한 인공폐수의 탈질효율 평가

  • Sim, Dong-Min (Division of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myong-Ji University) ;
  • Ahn, Ju-Hyeon (Division of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myong-Ji University) ;
  • Kim, Seoung-Hyun (Division of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myong-Ji University) ;
  • Gwon, Eun-Mi (Division of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myong-Ji University) ;
  • Chung, Wook-Jin (Division of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myong-Ji University) ;
  • Jin, Chang-Suk (Jeon Tech. CO, LTD.)
  • 심동민 (명지대학교 환경생명공학부) ;
  • 안주현 (명지대학교 환경생명공학부) ;
  • 김성현 (명지대학교 환경생명공학부) ;
  • 권은미 (명지대학교 환경생명공학부) ;
  • 정욱진 (명지대학교 환경생명공학부) ;
  • 진창숙 (전테크(주))
  • Published : 2006.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of using sulfur-$CaCO_3$ complex pellet in the sulfur oxidizing autotrophic denitrification process for synthetic wastewater with high $CaCO_3$ concentration. The sulfur-$CaCO_3$ complex pellet was packed in reactor(R4). Influent ${NO_3}^--N$ loading rate was from 200 to $1,000g/m^3{\cdot}day$. During the operation, average denitrification efficiency of R4 was above 95%. Particularly, the denitrififation rate at $1,000g/m^3{\cdot}day$ loading was 98.96% for R4. High ${NO_3}^--N$ removal efficiency was determined in R4 compared with other reactors. Through $Ca^{2+}$ and alkalinity analyses, we calculated the supplied alkalinity from the packed $CaCO_3$ in the reactor. Sulfur-$CaCO_3$ complex pellet more effectively supplied alkalinity through the dissociation of $CaCO_3$ as compared with other media. Based on these results, sulfur-$CaCO_3$ complex pellet increased the pH buffering capacity while also providing the carbon source to the denitrifying bacteria. Denitrification efficiency of R4 was also higher than other reactors. ESEM pictures of sulfur-$CaCO_3$ complex pellet show higher porosity than that of the granular sulfur. Hence, more denitrifying bacteria attached on the sulfur-$CaCO_3$ complex pellet than on granular sulfur. It can be concluded that the sulfur-$CaCO_3$ complex pellet is a more suitable media for a sulfur oxidizing autotrophic denitrification process as it provides high denitrification efficiency.

본 연구에서는 인공 폐수에 포함된 고농도의 ${NO_3}^--N$을 제거하기 위해 황 산화 독립영양 탈질공정으로 sulfur-$CaCO_3$ 복합담체를 이용하여 탈질효율을 평가하였다 sulfur-$CaCO_3$ 복합 담체를 반응기(R4)에 충진하였다. 유입수 중 ${NO_3}^--N$ 부하량이 $200{\sim}1000g/m^3{\cdot}day$일 때 sulfur-$CaCO_3$ 복합 담체를 충진한 반응기의 탈질효율은 95.0% 이상의 높은 탈질효율을 보였다. 특히 ${NO_3}^--N$의 부하량이 $1000g/m^3{\cdot}day$일 때의 R4의 평균 ${NO_3}^--N$ 제거율은 98.7%로 sulfur-$CaCO_3$ 복합 담체를 충진한 반응기가 다른 반응기보다 높은 탈질 효율을 보였다. $Ca^{2+}$와 알칼리도의 분석을 통해, 각 반응기에 충진된 $CaCO_3$에 의한 알칼리도 공급량을 보면 다른 반응기 보다 sulfur-$CaCO_3$ 복합 담체를 충진한 반응기에 존재하는 $CaCO_3$가 매우 효과적으로 해리되면서 알칼리도를 공급하였다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이렇게 효과적으로 알칼리도가 공급되면서 황 산화 독립영양 탈질 과정에서 발생된 $H^+$에 의해 저하된 pH를 보정하고 탈질 미생물의 탄소원을 공급하여 다른 반응기보다 높은 탈질 효율을 보인 것이다. ESEM을 사용하여 Sulfur-$CaCO_3$ 복합 담체의 표면을 측정한 결과 황담체 표면보다는 sulfur-$CaCO_3$ 복합 담체의 표면에 많은 공극이 존재하여 미생물이 부착 할 수 있는 표면적이 증가되어 많은 미생물이 부착할 수 있어 탈질 효율을 증가시키게 된다. 결론적으로 sulfur-$CaCO_3$ 복합담체를 이용한 황 산화 독립영양 탈질공정은 고농도의 ${NO_3}^--N$을 효과적으로 처리할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Environment Home Page, http://www.me.go. kr/, July(2001)
  2. Lampe, D. G., Zhang, T. C., 'Evalution of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification,' In: Proceeding of the 1996 HSRC/WERC Joint Conference on the Environment, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 21-23 May, 444-458(1996)
  3. Zhang, T. C., Lampe, D. G., 'Sulfur Limestone autotrophic denitrification processes for the treatment of nitrat-contaminated water: batch experiment,' Water Res., 33(3), 599-608(1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00281-4
  4. Koenig, A., Liu, L. H., 'Autotrophic denitrification of landfill leashate using elemental,' Water Sic. Tech., 34(5-6), 469-476(1996)
  5. Batchelor, B., Lawrence, A. W., 'Autotrophic denitrification using elemental sulfur,' J. WPCF, 50, 1986-2001(1978)
  6. Kurt, M, Dnn, I. J., Bourne, J. R., 'Biological denitrification of drinking water using autotrophic organics woth $H_2$ in a fludized bed bioflim reactor,' Biotechnol. Bioengng., 29, 493-501(1987) https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260290414
  7. Brian, A. T., Lenly, J. W., Alvarez, J. J., 'Fe(0)-supported autotrophic denitrification,' Environ. Sci. Technol., 32, 634-639(1998) https://doi.org/10.1021/es9707769
  8. Liu, L. H., Koenig, A., 'Use of limestone for pH control in autotrophic denitrification: batch experiments,' Process Biochem., 37(8), 885-895(2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-9592(01)00302-8
  9. Batchelor, B., Lawence, A. W., 'Autotrophic denitrication using elemental sulfur,' J. WPCF., 50, 1986-2001(1978)
  10. Claus, G., Kutzner, H. J., 'Autotrothic denitrification by thiobacillus denitrificans in a packef in a packed,' Applied Micobial. Biotechnol., 22, 289-296(1985)
  11. Koenig, A., Liu, L. H., 'Kinetic model of autotrophic denitrication,' Water Res., 35(8), 1960-1978(2001)
  12. Discoll, B., 'The use of sulfur and sulfide in packed bed reactors for autotrophic denitrification,' J. Water Pollut. Control Federation, 50, 569-577(1978)
  13. Ronald, M., Atlas Edited by Lawrence. C Parks, 'Handbook of Microbiological Media,' CRC Press(2000)
  14. Lens, P. N. L., Hulstoff, L. P., 'Environmental Technologies to Treat Sulfur Pollution Principles and Engineering,' IWA publishing, 415-447(2000)
  15. 심동민, 권은미, 정욱진, 진창숙, 박대원, '배치식 실험을 통한 황 복합 담체의 황/$CaCO_3$ 혼합비가 황이용 탈질 효율에 미치는 영향', 대한환경공학회, 춘계학술연구발표회 논문집, 경성대학교, 부산, pp. 145(2004)
  16. APHA, 'Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,' 20th American Public Health Association, Washington D.C, USA(1998)
  17. Sigmund, F, 'Princilpes of Environmental Toxicology,' American Chemical Society, Washington D.C, USA(1997)
  18. Van der Hock, J. P., Kappelhof, J. W. N. M., Hijnen, W. A. M., 'Biological nitrate removal from ground water by sulfur/Limestone denitrification,' Extended summaries-Environmental Biotechnology Group Meeting, 197-200 (1998)
  19. Flere, J. M., Zhang, T. C., 'Nitrate removal with sulfur-limestone autotrophic denitrification process,' J. Envir. Eng., 8(125), 721-729(1999)
  20. Halling-Sorensen, B., Jorgensen, S. E., 'The removal of nitrogen compounds from wastewater,' Elsevier science publishers B. V. Netherlands, 119-137(1993)
  21. Koenig, A., Lin, L. H., 'Use of limestone for pH control in autotrophic denitrification: continuous flow experiments in pilot-scale packed bed reactor,' J. Biotech., 99, 161-171(2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1656(02)00183-9