International Journal of Automotive Technology

  • 제7권5호
  • /
  • Pages.555-564
  • /
  • 2006
  • /
  • 1229-9138(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1976-3832(eISSN)
한국자동차공학회 (The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers)
권호 표지

FRONTAL IMPACT FINITE ELEMENT MODELING TO DEVELOP FRP ENERGY ABSORBING POLE STRUCTURE

  • 발행 : 2006.08.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the efficient design of traffic light poles involved in vehicle frontal collisions by developing a computer-based, finite-element model capable of capturing the impact characteristics. This is achieved by using the available non-linear dynamic analysis software "LS-DYNA3D", which can accurately predict the dynamic response of both the vehicle and the traffic light pole. The fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) as a new pole's material is proposed in this paper to increase energy absorption capabilities in the case of a traffic pole involved in a vehicle head-on collision. Numerical analyses are conducted to evaluate the effects of key parameters on the response of the pole embedded in soil when impacted by vehicles, including: soil type(clay and sand) and pole material type(FRP and steel). It is demonstrated from the numerical analysis that the FRP pole-soil system has favorable advantages over steel poles, where the FRP pole absorbed vehicle impact energy in a smoother behavior, which leads to smoother acceleration pulse and less deformation of the vehicle than those encountered with steel poles. Also, it was observed that clayey soil brings a slightly more resistance than sandy soil which helps reducing pole movement at ground level. Finally, FRP pole system provides more energy absorbing leading to protection during minor impacts and under service loading, and remain flexible enough to avoid influencing vehicle occupants, thus reducing fatalities and injuries resulting from the crash.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ASTM Int. (1990). Metals Handbook. 2- Properties and selection: nonferrous alloys and special purpose materials. 10th Edn, Ohio, USA
  2. Elmarakbi, A. and Zu, J. (2005). Crashworthiness improvement of vehicle-to-rigid fixed barrier in full frontal impact using novel vehicle's front-end structures. Int. J. Automotive Technology 6, 5, 491-499
  3. European Transport Safety Council (1998). Forgiving Roadsides. Brussels, Belguim
  4. European Transport Safety Council. (2003). Transport Safety Performance in the EU: A Statistical Overview, Brussels, Belguim
  5. Ferritto, J., Dickenson, S., Priestley, N. and Taylor, C. (1999). Seismic Criteria for California Marine Oil Terminals, Chapter 3: Structural Criteria for Piers and Wharves. NFESC Technical Report TR 2103-SHR, 26-38, CA, USA
  6. FHWA/NHTSA (2002). http://www.ncac.gwu.edu/ archives/model/. National Crash Analysis Center George Washington University, U.S.A
  7. Foedinger, R., Boozer, J., Bronstad, M. and Davidson, J. (2003). Development of energy-absorbing composite utility pole. Transportation Research Record No. 1851, Highway and Facility Design, 149-157
  8. Int. Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (2003). The Annual World Disasters Report. New York, USA
  9. Kirkpatrick, S., MacNeill, R. and Bocchieri, R. (2003). Development of an LS-DYNA occupant model for use in crash analyses of roadside safety features. Transportation Review Board, Paper No. TRB2003-0002450, Proc. 2003 TRB 82nd Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., USA, CD-ROM, 1-15
  10. LS-DYNA User's Manual (2002). Livermore Software Technology Corporation. California, U.S.A
  11. Matej, V. and Zoran, R. (2004). Reducing the vehicle impact severity with improved road restraint system. FISITA 2004 World Automotive Congress, Barcelona, Spain, CD ROM, 1-8
  12. Matlock, H. (1970). Correlations for design of laterally loaded piles in soft clay. 2nd Annual Offshore Technology Conf., Paper No. 1204, 1, 577-588
  13. Mikhail, A. and El Damatty, A. (1999). Non-linear analysis of FRP chimneys under thermal and wind loads. Thin-Walled Structures, 35, 289-309 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8231(99)00036-1
  14. Mosher, R. and Dawkins, W. (2000). Theoretical manual for pile foundations. US Army Corps of Engineers, USA, 32-42
  15. Murchison, J. and O'Neill, M. (1984). Evaluation of p-y relationships in cohesionless soils. Analysis and design of pile foundations, American Society of Civil Engineers, 174-191
  16. National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA). (2002). Fatalities and Injuries to 0-8 Year Old Passenger Vehicle Occupants based on Impact Attributes. DOT HS 809 410, Washington D.C., USA
  17. National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA). (2002). Traffic Safety Facts 2000. DOT HS 809 324, Washington D.C., USA
  18. NHTSA (2003). DOT Releases Preliminary Estimates of 2002 Highway Fatalities. News Release, NHTSA 13-03, Washington D.C., USA
  19. NHTSA (2004). Traffic Safety Fcts 2002: A Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the General Etimates System. DOT HS 809 620, Washington D.C., USA
  20. Plaxico, C., Patzner, G. and Ray, M. (1998). Finite element modeling of a guardrail post mounted in soil. 12th Engineering Mechanics Conf., ASCE, NY, USA, 1-4
  21. Plaxico, C., Patzner, G., and Ray, M. (1999). Finite element modeling of guardrail timber posts and the post-soil interaction. Transportation Research Record, Paper No. 980791, Washington D.C., 1-24
  22. Ray, M. (1997). The use of finite element analysis in roadside hardware design; Int. J. Crashworthiness, 2, 333-348 https://doi.org/10.1533/cras.1997.0053
  23. Tabiei, A., and Wu, J. (2000). Roadmap for crashworthiness finite element simulation of roadside safety structures. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 34, 145-157 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-874X(99)00035-9
  24. Transport Canada (2004). Canadian Motor Vehicle Traffic Collision Statistics. TP 3322
  25. Wekezer, J., Oskard, M., Logan, R. and Zywicz, E. (1993). Vehicle impact simulation. ASCE J. Transportation Engineering, 199, 598-617