ACCELERATED AGING USING $FOCAS^{(R)}$-A BURNER BASED SYSTEM SIMULATING AN ENGINE

  • Published : 2006.05.15

Abstract

Accelerated aging of engine exhaust system components such as catalytic converters are traditionally performed using an engine/dynamometer test stand. $SwRI^{(R)}'s\;FOCAS^{(R)}$ system reduces or eliminates many of the engine based aging limitations. This paper will describe several studies. These include: 1) replication of engine based catalyst aging cycles with added precision and dependability; 2) catalyst aging with and without lubricating oil effects; 3) effects of lubricant phosphorus on catalyst performance; and 4) the potential to thermally age components beyond the capabilities of engine based systems. The first study includes the development of the SwRI FOCAS system to run programmed aging conditions with or without lubricating oil. A description of the subsystems is given. The second two studies used the SwRI FOCAS system to age catalysts. One study compared thermal-only aging using of the SwRI FOCAS system with equivalent aging on a traditional engine/dynamometer test stand. The other study examined the effect on catalyst performance of two lubricating oils containing different levels of phosphorus, and compared the results to field data generated using the same oils in a fleet of vehicles.

Keywords

References

  1. Drury, C. S. and Whitehouse, S. (1994). The effect of lubricant phosphorus level on exhaust emissions in a field trial of gasoline engine vehicles. SAE Paper No. 940745
  2. Ball, D., Mohammed, A. and Schmidt, W. (1997). Application of accelerated rapid aging test (RAT) schedules with poisons: the effects of oil derived poisons, thermal degradation, and catalyst volume on FTP emissions. SAE Paper No. 972846
  3. Cully, S. and McDonnell, T. (1995). The impact of passenger car motor oil phosphorus levels on engine durability, oil degradation, and exhaust emission in a field trial. SAE Paper No. 952344
  4. Cully, S., McDonnell, T., Ball, D., Kirby, C. and Hawkes, S. (1996). The impact of passenger car motor oil phosphorus levels on automotive emissions control systems. SAE Paper No. 961898
  5. Joy, G., Moliaro, F. and Homeier, E. (1985). Influence of phosphorus on three-component control catalyst: Catalyst durability and characterization studies. SAE Paper No. 852099
  6. Milliken, G. and Johnson, D. (1992). Analysis of Messy Data Volume I: Designed Experiments. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York
  7. Pfalzgraf, B., Rieger, M. and Ottowitz, G. (1996). Closecoupled catalytic converters for compliance with LEV/ULEV and EG III legislation – Influence of support material, cell density, and mass on emissions. SAE Paper No. 960261
  8. Sims, G. and Sjohri, S. (1988). Catalyst performance study using Taguchi methods. SAE Paper No. 881589
  9. Webb, C. and Bykowski, B. (2003). Development of a methodology to separate thermal from oil aging of a catalyst using a gasoline-fueled burner system. SAE Paper No. 2003-01-0663
  10. Webb, C., Bartley, G. and Bykowski, B. (2003). Catalyst aging evaluation with exposure to 0.06 and 0.11 percent phosphorus oils using the $FOCAS^{circledR}$ burner system. JSAE 20030269, 2003
  11. Williamson, W., Perry, J., Goss, R., Gandhi, H. and Beason, R. (1984). Catalyst deactivation due to glaze formation from oil-derived phosphorus and zinc. SAE Paper No. 841406