Arginine Vasopressin Therapy of Vasodilatory Shock after Cardiac Surgery

심장 수술 후 혈관 확장성 쇼크가 발생한 환자에서 바소프레신 투여 요법

  • Ahn, Young-Chan (Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center) ;
  • Park, Chul-Hyun (Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Gun-Woo (Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Ik (Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center) ;
  • Jun, Yang-Bin (Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center) ;
  • Choi, Chang-Hyu (Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center) ;
  • Hyun, Sung-Youl (Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center) ;
  • Park, Kook-Yang (Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center)
  • 안영찬 (가천의과학대학 길병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 박철현 (가천의과학대학 길병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 김건우 (가천의과학대학 길병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 이재익 (가천의과학대학 길병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 전양빈 (가천의과학대학 길병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 최창휴 (가천의과학대학 길병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 현성열 (가천의과학대학 길병원 흉부외과) ;
  • 박국양 (가천의과학대학 길병원 흉부외과)
  • Published : 2006.12.05

Abstract

Background: Vasodilatory shock has been implicated in life-threatening complications after open heart surgery, where the systemic inflammatory reaction is attributed to the cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). The secretion of arginine vasopressin(AVP) has been found to be defective in a variety of vasodilatory shock states and administration of AVP markedly improves vasomotor tone and blood pressure. So we reviewed our experience of AVP therapy in patients with vasodilatory shock following heart surgery using CPB. Material and Method: From January 2004 to July 2006, we reviewed the records of patients who received AVP therapy for vasodilatory shock following heart surgery using CPB. Vasodilatory shock was defined as a mean arterial pressure lower(MAP) than 70 mmHg, a cardiac index greater than 2.5 $L/min/m^2$, peripheral vascular resistance lower than 800 $dyn/s/cm^5$, and vasopressor requirements. The hemodynamic responses of patients who received AVP therapy for vasodilatory shock after cardiac surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Result: One hundred ninety nine open cardiac surgery patients were consecutively included in this study. Twenty two patients(11.1%) met criteria for vasodilatory shock. Despite the administration of high dose catecholamine vasopressor, all patients were hypotensive with a mean arterial pressure less than 70 mmHg. AVP therapy increased MAP from $53.3{\pm}7.4\;to\;82.0{\pm}12.0$ mmHg at 1 hour (p<0.001) and decreased other vasopressor requirements from $25{\pm}7\;to\;18{\pm}6$ at 1 hour(p<0.001) and individually maintained it for 12 hours. Conclusion: Our date suggest that AVP may be a safe and an effective vasopressor in patients with vasodilatory shock. In patients exhibiting vasodilatory shock after heart surgery, replacement of AVP increases blood pressure and reduces catecholamine vasopressor requirements.

배경: 혈관 확장성 쇼크는 체외 순환을 이용한 심장 수술 후 전신성 염증 반응으로 발생할 수 있는 치명적인 합병증이다. 이러한 혈관 확장성 쇼크에서는 바소프레신의 분비가 감소되어 있으므로 바소프레신을 투여함으로써 효과적인 혈역학적 호전을 가져올 수 있다. 따라서, 심장 수술 후 혈관 확장성 쇼크가 발생한 환자에서 바소프레신 치료 요법에 관한 본원의 경험을 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 본 연구는 2004년 1월부터 2006년 7월까지 체외 순환을 통한 심장 수술을 받은 199명 중에서 혈관 확장성 쇼크가 발생한 22명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 혈관 확장성 쇼크는 평균 동맥압 70 mmHg 이하, 심장 박출 지수 2.5 $L/min/m^2$ 이상, 전신 혈관 저항 800 $dyn/s/cm^5$ 이하, 카테콜아민 혈압상승제가 필요한 경우로 정의하였다. 이러한 기준으로 진단된 혈관 확장성 쇼크 환자에게 바소프레신을 투여하고 혈역학적 변화를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 심장 질환으로 체외 순환을 이용한 심장 수술을 받은 성인 환자 199명 중에서 22명이 혈관 확장성 쇼크로 진단되었다. 이들은 과량의 카테콜아민 혈압 상승제를 투여하였으나 평균 동맥압은 70 mmHg 이하로 유지되어 바소프레신 치료 요법을 시행하였다. 바소프레신 투여 1시간 후 평균 동맥압은 $53.3{\pm}7.4$ mmHg에서 $82.0{\pm}12.0$ mmHg로 의미 있게 상승하였고, 혈압 상승제 요구량은 $25{\pm}7$에서 $18{\pm}6$로 의미 있게 감소되었으며, 각각 12시간 동안 유지되었다. 결론 바소프레신은 혈관 확장성 쇼크 환자에게 안전하고 효과적으로 사용할 수 있는 혈압 상승제이다. 심장 수술 후 발생한 혈관 확장성 쇼크 환자에서 적극적으로 바소프레신 치료요법을 시행한다면 과량의 카테콜아민 혈압 상승제 투여로 인한 합병증을 줄이고 효과적인 혈류역학적인 호전을 가져올 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

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