Nutritional Sciences

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
권호 표지

Bioactive Polyglycolic Acid (PGA) or Polylactic Acid (PLA) Polymers on Extracellular Matrix Mineralization in Osteoblast-like Mc3T3-E1 Cells

  • Cho, Young-Eun (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Hye-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Ha (Dept. of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Choi, Jae-Won (Dept. of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Kim, Youn-Jung (Dept. of Chemistry, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Gab-Joong (Dept. of Chemistry, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Su (Dept. of Chemistry, Andong National University) ;
  • Choi, Sik-Young (Dept. of Chemistry, Andong National University) ;
  • Kwun, In-Sook (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University)
  • Published : 2006.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Porous matrices of bioactive polymers such as polyglycolic acid (PGA) or polylactic acid (PLA) can be used as scaffolds in bone tissue growth during bone repair process. These polymers are highly porous and serve as a template for the growth and organization of new bone tissues. We evaluated the effect of PGA and PLA polymers on osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell extracellular mineralization. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in a time-dependent manner -1, 15, 25d as appropriate - for the period of bone formation stages in one of the five culture circumstances, such as normal osteogenic differentiation medium, PGA-plated, fetal bovine serum (FBS)-plated, PGA/FBS-coplated, and PLA-plated For the evaluation of bone formation, minerals (Ca, Mg, Mn) and alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker for osteoblast differentiation, were measured Alizarin Red staining was used for the measurement of extracellular matrix Ca deposit During the culture period, PGA-plated one was reabsorbed into the medium more easily and faster than the PLA-plated one. At day 15, at the middle stage of bone formation, cellular Ca and Mg levels showed higher tendency in PGA- or PLA-plated treatments compared to non-plated control and at day 25, at the early late stage of bone formation, all three cellular Ca, Mg or Mn levels showed higher tendency as in order of PGA-related treatments and PLA-plated treatments, compared to control even without significance. Medium Ca, Mg or Mn levels didn't show any consistent tendency. Cellular ALP activity was higher in the PGA- or PLA-plated treatments compare to normal osteogenic medium treatment PGA-plated and PGA/FBS-plated treatments showed better Ca deposits than other treatments by measurement of Alizarin Red staining, although PLA-plated treatment also showed reasonable Ca deposit. The results of the present study suggest that biodegradable material, PGA and also with less extent for PLA, can be used as a biomaterial for better extracellular matrix mineralization in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

Keywords

References

  1. Garg AK. Grafting materials in repair and restoration. In: Lynch SE, Genco RJ, Marx RE, eds. Tissue engineering: Application in maxillofacial surgery and periodntics. pp.83-101, Quintessence International Co, Chicago, 1992
  2. Griffith LG. Polymeric biomaterials. Acta Mater 48:263-277,2000 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00299-2
  3. Agrawal L. Polyostotic osteonecrosis in a patient with celiac disease. Endocr Pract 2(6):385-388, 1996 https://doi.org/10.4158/EP.2.6.385
  4. Lia Rimondini DD. In vivo experimental study on bone regeneration in critical bone defects using an injectable biodegradable PLA/PGA copolymer. Oral surg oral med oral path radiol endod 99:148-154, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.05.010
  5. Rokkanen P, Bostma O, Vainiopaa S, Vihtone K, Tormala P, Laiho J, Kilpikari J, Tamminmaki M. Biodegradable implants in fracture fixation: early results of treatment of fractures of the ankle. Lancet 22(i):1422-1424, 1985
  6. Hirvensalo E. Fracture fixation with biodegrable rods. Forty-one cases of severe ankle fractures. Acta Orthop Scand 60(5):601-606, 1989 https://doi.org/10.3109/17453678909150131
  7. Partio EK, Bostma O, Hirvensalo E, Patiala H, Vainionpaa S, Vihtonen K, Tormala P, Rokkanen P. The indication for the fixation of fractures with totally absorbable SR-PGA srews. Acta Orthop Scand 61(Suppl 237):43-44, 1990 https://doi.org/10.3109/17453679009153766
  8. Dijkema ARA, van der Elst M, Breederveld RS. Surgical treatment of factures with biodegradable implants. A prospective randomised study. J Trauma 34:82-84, 1993
  9. Kyriacos A, Anthanasiou, Gabriele G, Niederauer C, Mauli Agrawal. Sterization, Toxicity, biocompatibility and clinical applications of polylactic acid/polyglyclic acd copolymers. J Biomaterials 17:93-102, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-9612(96)85754-1
  10. Bessey OA, Lowry OH, Brock MJ. A method for the rapid determination of alkaline phosphatase with fibecubic rnillimetres of serum. J Biol Chem 164:321-329, 1946
  11. Lowry OB, Rosenbrough MJ, Farr AL, Rebar RW. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J Bioi Chem 193:255-260, 1951
  12. Muschler GF, Lane J. Orthopedic surgery. In: Habal MB, Reddi AH, eds. Bone graft bone substitutes, pp.375-413, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1992
  13. Perry CR. Bone repair techniques, bone graft substitutes. Clin Orthop 360:71-86, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199903000-00010
  14. Phelps JB, Hubbard GB, Wang X, Argawal CM. Microstructural heterogeneity and the fracture toughness of bone. J Biomed Mat Res 51:735-741, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(20000915)51:4<735::AID-JBM23>3.0.CO;2-G
  15. Russell JL, Block JE. Surgical harvesting of bone graft from the ileum; point of view. Med Hypotheses 55:474-479, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1054/mehy.2000.1095
  16. Daniels AU, Cgang MKO, Andriano KP. Mechanical properties of biodegradable polymerase and composites proposed for internal fixation of bone. J Appl Biomater 1:57-78, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1002/jab.770010109
  17. Gabriela AS, Olga PC, Paul Ducheyne, Irving M, Shapiro, Rui LR. The effect of starch and starch-bioactive glass composite microparticles on the adhesion and expression of the osteoblastic phenotype of a bone cell line. Biomaterials (in press) 2006
  18. Vinipaa S, Kilpikari J, Laiho J, Helevirta P, Rokkanen P, Tormala P. Strengh retention in vitro, of absorbable, self-reinforced polyglycolide (pGA) rods for fracture fixation. Biomaterials 8:46-48, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-9612(87)90028-7
  19. Tormala P, Vasenius J, Vainiompaa S, Pohjonen T, Rokkanen P, Kaiho J. Ultra high strength absorbable self-reinforced polyglycolide (SR-PGA) coposite rods for internal fixation of bone fractures: in vitro and in vivo study. J Biomed Mater Res 25:1-22, 1991 https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820250102
  20. Ruuskanen MM, Kallioinen MJ, Jaarela or, Laiko JA, Tormala PO, Waris TJ. The role of polyglycolid acid rods in the regeneration of cartilage from perichon-drium in rabbits. Scand J Plast Reconstruct Hand Surg 25:15-18, 1991 https://doi.org/10.3109/02844319109034917
  21. Yamaguchi M, Yamaguchi R. Action of zinc on bone metabolism in rats. Increases in alkaline phosphatase activity and DNA content. Biochm Pharmacol 35:773-777, 1986 https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(86)90245-5
  22. Herzberg M, Foldes J, Steinberg R, Menczel J. Zinc excretion in osteoporotic women. J Bone Minner Res 5:251-257, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.5650050308
  23. Verderio E, Coombes A, Jones RA, Li X, Heath D, Downes S. Role of the cross-linking enzyma tissue transglutaminase in the biological recognition of synthetic biodegradable polymerase. J Biomed Mater Res 54:294-304, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(200102)54:2<294::AID-JBM17>3.0.CO;2-Q
  24. Beck Jr Gr, Sulivan EC, Moran E, Zeler B. Relationship between alkaline phosphatase levels, oeteopontin expression, and mineralization in differentiating MC3T3-E1 steoblasts. J Cell Biochm 68:269-280, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(19980201)68:2<269::AID-JCB13>3.0.CO;2-A
  25. Davison KS, Siminoski K, Adachi JD, Hanley DA, Goltiman D. Bone strength whole is great than the sum of its parts. Semin Arthritis Rheum 36:22-31, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2006.04.002
  26. Roschger P, Fratzl P, Eschberger J, Klaushofer K. Validation of quantitative backscattered electron imaging for the measurement of mineral density distribution in human bone biopsies. Bone 23:319-326, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S8756-3282(98)00112-4
  27. Storrie H, Stupp SI. Cellular response to zinc-containing organoapatitie: an vitro study of proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and biomineralization. Biomaterials 26:54925499, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.01.043
  28. Suzuki T, Ishihara K, Magaki H, Matsurra W, Kohda A, Okumura K, Nagao M, Yamaguchi-Iwai Y, Kambe T. Zinc transports, Zn5 and ZnT7, are required for the activation of alkarine phosphatase, zinc-requiring enzymes that are glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane. J Biol Chem 280:637-643, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M411247200