Journal of Ecology and Environment

한국생태학회 (The Ecological Society of Korea)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Degradation of Lowland Forest Landscape and Management Strategy to Improve Ecological Quality in Mt. Baekja and Its Surroundings

  • Cho, Hyun-Je (Institute of Agriculture Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Cho, Yong-Chan (Faculty of Environment and Life Sciences, Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Seok (Faculty of Environment and Life Sciences, Seoul Women's University)
  • 발행 : 2006.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The number of species and forest area has decreased as urbanization is progressed. The landscape degradation was examined by analyzing vegetation map, satellite image and characteristics of actual vegetation. The study was conducted in Mt. Baekja and its surroundings located on Gyeongsan city, southeastern Korea. As the result of landscape analysis, agricultural field was a characteristic attribute of the study area. Lowlands of this study area were occupied by agricultural field and various plantations. For 15 years from 1987 to 2002, forest area decreased from 2,072.9 ha to 1,853.2 ha, and shape index and fractal dimension of vegetation patches increased from 1.32 to 1.65 and from 1.05 to 1.09, respectively. Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucco. community showed the highest species diversity, whereas Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carriere community showed the lowest species abundance. As forest management implications, monitoring of endangered plant species (Jeffersonia dubia (Maxim.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Baker & S.Moore), and restoration of lowland forest from plantation to natural forest were discussed. Further, establishment of greenways utilizing existing streams, roadside, and public facilities were recommended.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ashton PMS, Gamage S, Gunatilleke IAUN, Gunatilleke CVS. 1997. Restoration of a Sri Lankan rainforest: Using Caribbean pine (Pinus Caribaea) as a nurse for establishing late-successional tree species. J Appl Ecol 34: 915-925 https://doi.org/10.2307/2405282
  2. Bennett AF, Ford LA. 1997. Land use, habitat change and the conservation of birds in fragmented rural environments: A landscape perspective from the Northern Plains, Victoria, Australia. Pacific Conserv Biol 3: 244-261 https://doi.org/10.1071/PC970244
  3. Bennett AF. 1999. Corridors, Connectivity and Wildlife Conservation. Gland (Switzerland): IUCN
  4. Bradly GA. 1995. Urban Forest Landscapes, Integrating Multidisciplinary Perspectives. University of Washington Press
  5. Braun-Blanquet J. 1964. Pflanzensoziologie. Grundze der Begetaionskunde. Springer-Verlag, Wein
  6. Cho HJ, Cho JH, Lee CS. 1999. Forest vegetation units and landscape structure of Mt. Inwang in Seoul, Korea. J Korean For Soc 88: 342-351
  7. Cho HJ, Cho JH. 2002. Vegetation unit and landscape structure for conservation and management of urban forest in Ulsan City, Korea - On Mt. Yeompo. J Korean For Soc 91: 593-600
  8. Cho HJ, Oh JS, Lee KJ, Lee CS. 1998. Categorization of the forest vegetation units and its detailed mapping in isolated forestland - Landscape ecological review applied in Mt. Whangryung, Pusan City, Korea-. In: IUFRO Inter-Divisional Seoul Conference, 12-17 October 1998, Seoul, Korea. The Korean Forestry Society, Seoul, Korea, pp 625-634
  9. Cho HJ, Cho JH, Lee CS. 2000. Classification of vegetation units and its detailed mapping for urban forest management - On Mt. Moodeung in Kwangju, Korea. J Korean For Soc 89: 470-479
  10. Cho YC, Lee CS, Shin HC, Kim SS. 2006. Landscape structure and conservation of the Gwangneung National Forest in central Korea: A national model for forest restoration (submitted)
  11. Choi WY, Jung SG, Oh JH, You JH. 2005. The structural and functional analysis of landscape changes in Deagu metropolitan sphere using landscape indices & ecosystem service value. Korean Assoc Geographic Information Studies 8: 102-113 (in Korean with English abstract)
  12. Curtis JT, McIntosh RP. 1951. An upland forest continuum in the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin. Ecology 32: 476-498 https://doi.org/10.2307/1931725
  13. Dale VH, Brown S, Haeuber RA, Hobbs NT, Huntly N, Niman RJ, Ridbsame WE, Turner MG, Valone TJ. 2000. Ecological principles and guidelines for managing the use of land. Ecol Appl 10: 639- 670
  14. Davies KF, Gascon C, Margules CR. 2001. Habitat fragmentation: consequences, management, and future research priorities. In: Conservation Biology: Research Priorities for the Next Decade (Soulé ME, Orians GH, Eds.). Society for Conservation Biology. Island Press, Washington, pp 81-97
  15. Dobson A, Bradshaw A, Baker A. 1997. Hopes for the future: restoration ecology and conservation biology. Science 277: 515-522 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5325.515
  16. Eom AH, Cho YC, Shin HC, Lee CS. 2004. Analyses of landscape and vegetation and ecological suggestion for the conservation of Mt. Songnisan National Park, central Korea. Korean J Ecol 27: 185-192 (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2004.27.3.185
  17. Fabos JG. 1985. Land Use Planning: From Global to Local Challenge. Chapman and Hall, New York
  18. Forman RTT. 1995. Land Mosaics: The Ecology of Landscape and Regions. Cambridge University Press
  19. Hammett JE. 1992. The shapes of adaptation: historical ecology of anthropogenic landscapes in the southern United Stats. Landscape Ecol 7: 121-135 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02418943
  20. Harison S, Bruna E. 1999. Habitat fragmentation and large-scale conservation: what do we know sure?. Ecography 22: 225-232 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.1999.tb00496.x
  21. Hill MO. 1979. Decorana -a fortran program for detrended correspondence analysis and reciprocal averaging-. Cornell University Ithaca, New York
  22. Hudson WE. 1991. Landscape Linkages and Biodiversity. Island Press, Washington DC
  23. Jung SG, Oh JH, Park KH. 2002. The analysis of landscape structure due to the landcover Change - Case Study in Kyongsan city-. Korean Assoc Geographic Information Studies 5: 9-18 (in Korean with English abstract)
  24. Jung SG, Oh JH, Park KH. 2003. The Study of Landscape Fragmentation for the Urban Landscape planning. Korean Assoc Geographic Information Studies 6: 11-20 (in Korean with English abstract)
  25. Kamada M, Nakagoshi N, Nehira K. 1991. Pine Forest Ecology and Landscape Management: A comparative Study in Japan and Korea. In: Coniferous Forest Ecology from an International Perspective (Nakagoshi N, Golley FB, eds). SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, pp. 43-62
  26. Kent M, Cocker P. 1992. Vegetation Description and Analysis: a Practical Approach. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida
  27. KMA. 2006. Korea Meteorological Administration. Available from http:// www.kma.go.kr/
  28. Korean Plant Names Index. 2006. Available from http://www.koreaplants. go.kr
  29. Korean Statistical Information System. 2006. Available from http://kosis. nso.go.kr/
  30. Lamb D, Gilmour D. 2003. Rehabilitation and Restoration of Degraded forests. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK and WWF, Gland, Switzerland
  31. Lee AN. 2003. Planning for Green Networks as a Restoration Plan in Seoul (MS dissertation). Seoul Women's University, Seoul
  32. Lee CS, Lee AN. 2004. Restoration effects confirmed in the environmental forests created on the bases of ecological principles. Korean J Environ Biol 22: 220-226 (in Korean with English abstract)
  33. Lee CS, Cho HJ, YI HB. 2004. Stand dynamics of introduced black locust (Robina pseudoacacia L.) plantation under different disturbance regimes in Korea. For Ecol Manage 189: 281-293 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.08.012
  34. Lee CS, Cho HJ. 1998. Landscape structure and ecological restoration of Mt. Hwangryung in Pusan, Korea. Korean J Ecol 21: 791-797
  35. Lee CS, Cho YC, Shin HC, Lee SM. 2006. Changes of landscape structure for the recent 20 years in the Wangsuk stream basin of the central Korea. J Ecol Field Biol 29: 405-410 https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2006.29.4.405
  36. Lee CS, Hong SK. 2001. Landscape Ecological Perspectives in the Structure and Dynamics of Fire-disturbed Vegetation in a Rural Landscape, Eastern Korea. In: Landscape Ecology Applied in Land Evaluation, Development and Conservation (van der Zee D, Zonneveld IS, eds). ITC Publication Number 81, IALE Publication MM-1, Enshede, pp 81-94
  37. Lee CS, You YH, Robinson GR. 2002. Secondary succession and natural habitat restoration in abandoned rice fields of central Korea. Restor Ecol 10: 306-314 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100X.2002.00003.x
  38. Lee CS, You YH. 2001. Cultural landscape of Korea, its entity, changes and values evaluation from new paradigm. Korean J Ecol 24: 323-332 (in Korean with English abstract)
  39. Lee TB. 1985. Illustrated flora of Korea. Hyangmoonsa (in Korean)
  40. Lindenmayer DB, Franklin JF. 2002. Conserving Forest Biodiversity: A comprehensive Multiscaled Approach. Island Press, Washington
  41. Liu J, Taylor WW. 2002. Coupling Landscape Ecology with Natural Re- Source Management: Paradigm Shifts and New Approaches. In: Inte- Grating Landscape Ecology into Natural Resource Management (Liu J, Taylor WW, eds). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 3-19
  42. Magurran AE. 2004. Measuring Biological Diversity. Blackwell, New York
  43. Matthiae PE, Stearns F. 1981. Mammals in Forest Islands in Southeastern Wisconsin. In: Forest island Dynamics in Man-dominated Landscapes (Burgess RL and Sharpe DM, eds). Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 55-66
  44. McCarigal K, Marks BJ. 1995. FRAGSTATS: Spatial Pattern Analysis Program for Quantifying Landscape Structure. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-351. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Station, Portland, Oregon
  45. Ministry of Environment. 2005. An Illustrated Book of Endangered Species in Korea. Ministry of Environment, Gwacheon (in Korean)
  46. Noss RF. 1983. A regional landscape approach to maintain diversity. Bioscience 33: 700-706 https://doi.org/10.2307/1309350
  47. Odum EP. 1969. The strategy of ecosystem development. Science 164: 262-270 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.164.3877.262
  48. Oh JH. 1997. Environmentally Oriented Methods for Land-use using geographic Information System (MS dissertation). Kyungpook National University, Daegu (in Korean with English abstract)
  49. Oh SH. 2002. The Landscape Ecological Approach for Ecological Management of Urban Forest (PhD dissertation), Kyungpook National University, Daegu (in Korean with English abstract)
  50. Park SH. 1995. Colored Illustrations of Naturalized Plants of Korea. Ilchokak (in Korean)
  51. Saunders DA, Hobbs RJ. 1991. Nature Conservation 2: The Role of Corridors. Surrey Beatty, Chipping Norton
  52. Sharitz RR, Boring LR, Vanlear DH, Pinder JE. 1992. Integrating ecological concepts with natural resource management of southern forest. Ecol Appl 2: 226-237 https://doi.org/10.2307/1941857
  53. Shin HC. 2005. The Effects of Ecological Restoration Confirmed in the Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida) Plantation (MS dissertation). Seoul Women's University, Seoul (in Korean with English abstract)
  54. Spellerberg IF, Goldsmith FB, Morris MG. 1991. The Scientific Management of Temperate Communities for Conservation. Blackwell, London
  55. Swanson FJ, Franklin JF. 1992. New forestry principles from ecosystem analysis of Pacific Northwest forests. Ecol Appl 2: 262-274 https://doi.org/10.2307/1941860