Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

Optical Society of Korea (한국광학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Error Analysis for Optical Security by means of 4-Step Phase-Shifting Digital Holography

  • Lee, Hyun-Jin (Department of Electronics Engineering, The University of Suwon) ;
  • Gil, Sang-Keun (Department of Electronics Engineering, The University of Suwon)
  • Received : 2006.09.11
  • Published : 2006.09.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

We present an optical security method for binary data information by using 4-step phase-shifting digital holography and we analyze tolerance error for the decrypted data. 4-step phase-shifting digital holograms are acquired by moving the PZT mirror with equidistant phase steps of ${\pi}/2$ in the Mach-Zender type interferometer. The digital hologram in this method is a Fourier transform hologram and is quantized with 256 gray level. The decryption performance of the binary data information is analyzed. One of the most important errors is the quantization error in detecting the hologram intensity on CCD. The greater the number of quantization error pixels and the variation of gray level increase, the more the number of error bits increases for decryption. Computer experiments show the results for encryption and decryption with the proposed method and show the graph to analyze the tolerance of the quantization error in the system.

Keywords

References

  1. N. Yoshikawa, M. Itoh, and T. Yatagai, 'Binary computer-generated holograms for security applications from a synthetic double-exposure method by electron-beam lithography', Opt. Lett., vol. 23, pp. 1483-1485, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.23.001483
  2. P. Refregier and B. Javidi, 'Optical image encryption based on input plane and Fourier plane random encoding', Opt. Lett., vol. 20, pp. 767-769, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.20.000767
  3. B. Javidi and J. L. Horner, 'Optical pattern recognition for validation and security verification', Opt. Eng., vol. 33, pp. 1752-1756, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1117/12.170736
  4. G. Unnikrishnan and K. Singh, 'Double random fractional Fourier domain encoding for optical security', Opt. Eng., vol. 39, pp. 2853-2859, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1117/1.1313498
  5. E. Cuche, F. Bevilacqua, and C. Depeursinge, 'Digital holography for quantitative phase-contrast imaging', Opt. Lett., vol. 24, pp. 291-293, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.24.000291
  6. B. Javidi and T. Nomura, 'Securing information by means of digital holography', Opt. Lett., vol. 25, pp. 28-30, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.25.000028
  7. E. Tajahuerce and B. Javidi, 'Encrypting three-dimensional information with digital holography', Appl. Opt., vol. 39, pp. 6595-6601, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.39.006595
  8. I. Yamaguchi and T. Zhang, 'Phase-shifting digital holography', Opt. Lett., vol. 22, pp. 610-612, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.22.001268
  9. S. K. Gil and S. H. Jeon, 'Successive encryption and transmission with phase-shifting', Proc. of SPIE, vol. 6136, pp. 22-23, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1117/12.645694
  10. S. G. Kim, 'Phase error analysis in polarization phaseshifting technique using a wollaston prsim and wave plates', J. Opt. Soc. Kor., vol. 9, pp. 145-150, 2005 https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2005.9.4.145
  11. H. L. Sin and H. O. Kim, 'The phase sensitivity of the coincidence detection in one output port of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer', J. Opt. Soc. Kor., vol. 9, pp. 169-172, 2005 https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2005.9.4.169
  12. H. J. Lee and S. K. Gil, 'Error analysis on encryption system with 4-step phase-shifting digital interferometry', COOC 2006, 2006
  13. U. Schnars and W. Jueptner, Digital Holography (Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2005), pp. 37-61

Cited by

  1. 2-step Quadrature Phase-shifting Digital Holographic Optical Encryption using Orthogonal Polarization and Error Analysis vol.16, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2012.16.4.354
  2. QPSK Modulation Based Optical Image Cryptosystem Using Phase-shifting Digital Holography vol.14, pp.2, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2010.14.2.097
  3. Dual Optical Encryption for Binary Data and Secret Key Using Phase-shifting Digital Holography vol.16, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2012.16.3.263
  4. Optical encryption of gray-level image using on-axis and 2-f digital holography with two-step phase-shifting method vol.15, pp.4, 2008, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-008-0029-5
  5. 2-step Phase-shifting Digital Holographic Optical Encryption and Error Analysis vol.15, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2011.15.3.244
  6. Optical Image Split-encryption Based on Object Plane for Completely Removing the Silhouette Problem vol.17, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2013.17.5.384