Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration in Embryogenic Cell Suspension Cultures of Hovenia dulcis Thunb

헛개나무의 현탁배양세포로부터 체세포배발생과 식물체 재생

  • Li, Cheng-Hao (Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University) ;
  • Zhao, Bo (Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University) ;
  • Kim, Na-Young (Department of Food & Nutrition, Kyunghee University) ;
  • Kim, Myong-Jo (Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Cho, Dong-Ha (Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Wook (Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Geun (Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lim, Jung-Dae (Department of Pharmacognosy Material development, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yu, Chang-Yeon (Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University)
  • 이성호 (중국 동북임업대학 임목유전육종학과) ;
  • ;
  • 김나영 (경희대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김명조 (강원대학교 한방바이오연구소) ;
  • 조동하 (강원대학교 한방바이오연구소) ;
  • 이동욱 (강원대학교 한방바이오연구소) ;
  • 이재근 (강원대학교 한방바이오연구소) ;
  • 임정대 (강원대학교 생약자원개발학과) ;
  • 유창연 (강원대학교 한방바이오연구소)
  • Published : 2006.08.30

Abstract

Culture conditions for high frequency plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Hovenia dulcis are described. Germinated somatic embryos were selected for induction of secondary embryogenesis. Friable embryogenic cells were induced directly from somatic embryos when transfer to 1/3 MS solid or liquid medium lacking plant growth regulators. The temperature strongly effected on induction of secondary embryognesis than other conditions in culture. All somatic embryos produced friable embryogenic cell clumps within 10 days when germinated somatic embryos cultured in 1/3 MS medium at $30^{\circ}C$ in suspension culture. No somatic embryos formed from embryogenic cell suspension cultures at $18^{\circ}C$. Numerous somatic embryos were induced and subsequently developed uniformly into germination stage from suspended cell clumps after 4 weeks of culture on $18^{\circ}C$. Plantlets conversion were observed on $18^{\circ}C$ when germinated somatic embryos were transferred to 1/3 MS solid medium without plant growth regulators or supplemented with 0.1-0.5 mg/l benzyladenine.

본 연구를 통해 헛개나무의 기내유묘의 조직절편으로부터 배발생캘러스의 유기 및 2차 배형성, 그리고 배발생캘러스의 현탁배양계로부터 체세포배를 대량생산하여 식물체로 재분화시키는 시스템을 확립하였다. 현탁배양을 통해 배발생세포의 유도 및 증식에는 모두 $30^{\circ}C$의 고온이 효과적이었는데 이와 같은 온도조건에서 배발생캘러스 유도율과 배발생캘러스의 생장량은 각각 100%와 894.6 mg로 $25^{\circ}C$에 비해 1.53배와 9.19배로 높게 나타났다. 배발생세포를 $18^{\circ}C$에서 배양할 경우 체세포배로 전환되었고 배양 5주후 체세포배로 발달하였으며 $25^{\circ}C$ 이상의 배양온도에서는 배발생세포는 증식만 할뿐 체세포배는 형성되지 않았다. 체세포배로부터 식물체의 형성은 $18^{\circ}C$ 저온에서만 가능하였다. 배지에 0.1과 0.5 mg/l BA를 첨가할 경우 식물체 재분화율은 37%와 28%로 생장조절물질을 처리하지 않은 배지에 비해 2.2배와 1.7배로 높게 나타났다 재분화된 식물체의 성장에 주는 무기염의 영향을 조사하기 위하여 유식물체를 MS와 1/3MS 고체배지에 옮겨 배양한 결과 1/3MS배지가 줄기신장과 뿌리의 유도에 적합하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ammirato PV (1989) Recent progress in somatic embryogenesis. Newsletter IAPTC 57:2-16
  2. Bueno MA, Astorgo R, Manzanerea JA (1992) Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in Quercus suber. Physiol. Plant 85:30-34 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb05259.x
  3. Choi YE, Kim JW, Yoon ES (1999) High frequency of plant production via somatic embryogenesis from callus or cell suspension cultures in Eleutherococcus senticosus. Ann of Bot 83:309-314 https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1998.0827
  4. Durham RE, Parrott WA (1992) Repetitive somatic embryogenesis from peanut cultures in liquid medium. Plant Cell Rep 11: 122-125
  5. Driver JA, Kuniyuki AH (1984) In vitro propagation of paradox walnut rootstock. Hort Science 19:507-509
  6. Feher A, Pasternak TP, Dudits D (2003) Transition of somatic plant cells to an embryogenic state. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 74:201-228 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024033216561
  7. Gingas VM, Lineberger RD (1989) Asexual embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Quercus. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 17:191-203 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00046867
  8. Huchinson MJ, KrishnaRaj S, Saxena PK (1997) Inhibitory effect of $GA_{3}$ on the development of thidiazuron-induced somatic embryogenesis in Geranium pelargonium $\times$ hortorum Bailey hypocotyl cultures. Plant Cell Rep 16:435-438
  9. Ibaraki Y, Kurata K (2001) Automation of somatic embryo production. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cul 65:179-199 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010636525315
  10. Konan NK, Sanwan RS, Sanwan BS (1994) Somatic embryogenesis from cultured mature cotyledons of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz): Identification of parameters influencing the frequency of embryogenesis. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cul 37:91-102 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00043602
  11. Lee KS, Lee JC, Soh WY (1998) Effects of ABA on secondary embryogenesis from somatic embryos induced from inflorescence culture of Aralia cordata Thunb. J. Plant Biol 41:187-192 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030252
  12. Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue. Physiol Plant 15:473-497 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
  13. Raemakers CJJM, Soflari E, Jacobsen E, Visser RGF (1997) Regeneration and transformation of cassava. Euphytica 96: 153-161 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002970925897
  14. Raj Bhansall R, Driver JA, Durzan DJ (1990) Rapid multiplication of adventitious somatic embryos in peach and nectarine by secondary embryogenesis. Plant Cell Rep 9:280-284
  15. Roberts DR, Sutton BCS, Flinn BS (1990) Synchronous and high frequency germination of interior spruce somatic embryos following partial drying at high relative humidity. Can J Bot 68: 1086-1090 https://doi.org/10.1139/b90-136
  16. 김민희, 정우택, 이진하, 박영식, 신명기, 김호상, 김동훈, 이현용 (2000) 중국산과 국내산 헛개 나무 열매의 체내 알콜 분해능 및 간 해독 작용. 한국약용작물학회지 8:201-208
  17. 엄승희, 신동용, 이현용, 김명조, 김종대, 최원철, 허권, 유창연 (2002) 헛개나무의 체세포배발생 및 식물체 재분화. 한국약용작물학회지 10:41-45
  18. 이강수 (2001) 온도 및 황산처리가 헛개나무 종자의 발아에 미치는 영향. 한국약용작물학회지. 9:166-172
  19. 이미경, 김영길, 안상욱, 김민희, 이진아, 이현용 (1999) 헛개나무의 생리활성 물질 탐색. 한국약용작물학회지. 7:185-192