Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology

The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (대한기계학회)
권호 표지

Lubrication Effect of Liquid Nitrogen in Cryogenic Machining Friction on the Tool-chip Interface

  • Jun Seong-Chan (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University)
  • Published : 2005.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The liquid nitrogen as an environmentally safe coolant has been widely recognized in cryo­genic machining, its function as a lubricant is plausible due to its chemical inertness, physical volatility and low viscosity. Since a reduced friction is a direct witness of the lubrication effect from a tribological viewpoint, this paper presents an evaluation of the apparent friction coefficient on the tool-chip interface in cryogenic cutting operations to prove and characterize the lubricity of LN2 in cryogenic machining. The cryogenic cutting technology used in this study is based on a cooling approach and liquid nitrogen delivery system which are intended to apply liquid nitrogen in well-controlled fine jets to selectively localized cutting zones and to penetrate liquid nitrogen to the tool-chip interface. It has been found that the apparent friction coefficient can be significantly reduced in cryogenic machining, depending on the approach of liquid nitrogen delivery.

Keywords

References

  1. Arsecularatne, J. A., Fowle, R. F. and Mathew, P., 1998, 'Prediction of Chip Flow Direction, Cutting Forces and Surface Roughness in Finish Turning,' J. of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Transaction of the ASME, Vol. 120/1, pp. 1-7 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2830102
  2. Boothroyd, G. and Knight, W. A., 1989, 'Fundamentals of Machining and Machine Tools,' Marcel Dekker Inc., 2nd edtion
  3. Fillipi, A. D. and Ippolite, R., 1971, 'Facing Milling at -$180^{circ}C$,' Annals 19 (2), pp. 314-322
  4. Hong, S. and Ding, Y., 2001, 'Cooling Approaches and Cutting Temperatures in Cryogenic Machining of Ti-6A1-4V,' Int. J. of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 41/10, pp. 1417-1437 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0890-6955(01)00026-8
  5. Hong, S., Markus, I. and Jeong, W., 2001, 'New Cooling Approach and Tool Life Improvement in Cryogenic Machining of Titanium Alloy Ti-6A1-4V,' Int. J. of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 41/10, pp. 2245-2260 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0890-6955(01)00041-4
  6. Jainbajranglal, J. R. and Chattopadhyay, A. B, 1984, 'Role of Cryogenics in Metal Cutting Industry,' Indian Journal of Cryogenics, Vol. 0, No. 1, pp. 212-220
  7. Jawahir, I. S. and Luttervelt, C. A. van, 1993, 'Recent Developments in Chip Control Research and Application,' Annals of the CIRP, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 659-693 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)62531-1
  8. Kim, J., Kim, J., Cho, M. and Han, D., 2002, 'Friction Characteristics of Piston Ring Pack with Consideration of Mixed Lubrication : Parametric Investigation,' KSME International Journal, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 468-475
  9. Soo, W. and Kang, P., 2002, 'An Investigation on Friction Factors and Heat Transfer Coefficients in a Rectangular Duct with Surface Roughness,' KSME International Journal, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 549-556
  10. Trend, E. M., 1984, 'Metal Cutting,' Buther-worths Publication, London
  11. Uehara, K. and Kumagai, S., 1969, 'Characteristics of Tool Wear in Cryogenic Machining,' J. of Japan Society of Precision Engineers, Vol. 35, No. 9, pp. 73-77
  12. Uehara, K. and Kumagai, S., 1998, 'Chip Formation, Surface Roughness and Cutting Force in Cryogenic Machining,' Annals of CIRP 17 (1), pp. 165-172
  13. Wang, Z. Y., Rajurkar, K. P., 2000, 'Cryogenic Machining of Hard-to-cut Materials,' Wear 239, pp. 168-175 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(99)00361-0
  14. Wang, Z. Y., Rajurkar, K. P. and Fan J., 1996, 'Turning Ti-6A1-4V with Cryogenic Cooling,' Transactions of NAMRI/SME, Vol. 24, pp. 3-8