Abstract
Background : Some malignancies including lymphoma, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer are believed to be associated with the reactivation of tuberculosis (TB) because cyclic anti-cancer chemotherapy can induce the leukopenia or immunological deterioration. This report describes the clinical characteristics and treatment response of TB that developed during cyclic anti-cancer chemotherapy in patients with a solid tumor. Materials and Methods : From January 1 2000 to July 31 2004, patients with TB diagnosed microbiologically, pathologically, or clinically during anti-cancer chemotherapy in a tertiary hospital were enrolled, and their medical records were reviewed. Patients with the known risk factors for the reactivation of TB were excluded. Results : Twenty-two patients were enrolled and their mean age was 56.5 years (range 21-78). The male to female ratio was 3.4:1 and pulmonary TB was the main variant (20 patients, 90.9%). Gastric cancer (10 patients, 45.4%) and lymphoma (4 patients, 18.2%) were the leading underlying malignancies. The other malignancies included lung cancer, head and neck cancer, breast cancer, cervix cancer, and ovary cancer. Fifteen patients (68.2%) had a healed scar on a simple chest radiograph suggesting a previous TB infection. Among these patients, new TB lesions involved the same lobe or the ipsilateral pleura in 13 patients (87.6%). An isoniazid and rifampicin based regimen were started in all the subjects except for one patient with a hepatic dysfunction. The mean duration of medication was $9.9{\pm}2.4$ months and no adverse events resulting in a regimen change were observed. With the exception of 5 patients who died of the progression of the underlying malignancy, 70.6% (12/17) completed the anti-TB treatment. Conclusion : The clinical characteristics and response to anti-TB treatment for TB that developed during anticancer chemotherapy for a solid tumor were not different from those of patients who developed TB in the general population.
연구 배경 : 면역 기능 저하를 초래하여 결핵의 재활성화에 관여할 것으로 생각되는 주기적인 항암화학요법치료 중인 고형암 환자에서 발생한 결핵의 임상적 특징과 치료 반응을 파악하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2000년 1월부터 2004년 7월까지 국내 일개 3차 병원에서 항암화학요법 치료 중에 세균학적으로, 병리학적으로 또는 임상적으로 진단된 결핵 환자 중 기존에 알려진 결핵 재활성화의 위험 요인이 없는 22명을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다.. 결 과: 22명의 평균 연령은 56.5세(21세-78세)였고, 남녀비는 3.4:1였다. 폐결핵이 가장 흔한 양상이었으며 (20례, 90.9%), 기저 질환으로 위암 (10례, 45.4%)과 림프종(4례, 18.2%)이 흔하였으며, 폐암, 두경부암, 유방암, 자궁경부암 및 난소암 순이었다. 15례 (68.2%)에서 환자가 흉부 방사선 사진 상 결핵 반흔이 있었다. 간기능이 저하된 1명을 제외한 21명이 isoniazid와 rifampicin을 기본으로 하는 초치료를 시작하였으며, 평균 치료기간은 $9.9{\pm}2.4$개월이었다. 기저 질환으로 사망한 5명을 제외하면 70.6%의 환자가 치료를 완료하였다. 결 론 : 항암화학요법 치료 중에 발생한 결핵의 임상적인 특징 및 치료에 대한 반응은 기존에 보고된 일반 인구에서 발생한 폐결핵의 특성과 크게 다르지 않았다.
