Occlusive Complications after Lower Limb Arterial Bypass Surgery

하지동맥 재건술 후 폐쇄성 합병증에 대한 임상적 고찰

  • Kim Jong Won (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Chung Sung Woon (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University)
  • 김종원 (부산대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 정성운 (부산대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실)
  • Published : 2005.12.01

Abstract

Background: Occlusive complications after arterial revascularization are difficult to treat and have high recurrence rate. This study was performed to establish an effective treatment modality and to evaluate the factors affecting the occlusive complications by analysis of clinical data. Material and Method: During the period of 5 years. 33 patients (55 reoperations) were studied at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital following 173 arterial revascularization surgeries. The clinical characteristics, operating methods, the time intervals of reoperation, used graft, and the results of treatment were evaluated retrospectively. Result: All the patients were men except one and the mean age was 63.5 years old. The mean time internal from first operation to reoperation was 11.9 months. The cause of arterial occlusive diseases were 28 atherosclerosis and 5 Burger's diseases, Associated diseases were Hypertension $(57.6\%)$, Diabetes mellitus $(33.3\%)$, heart failure $(18.2\%)$, and so on. The mean rate of reoperation was 1.67 times and the most common type of first operation was femoro-popliteal bypass grafting $(57.6\%)$. The graft that used revascularization surgery were 25 cases of PTFE and 6 case were Dacron. There was no statistical difference between two groups. The kinds of reoperations were thrombectomy in 20 cases, angioplasty 18 cases, re-bypass surgery in 13 cases, and lumbar sympathectomy in 4 cases. The results of reoperation were 15 cases of functional recovery, 7 cases of limb salvage, 5 cases of above-knee amputation. 3 cases of below-knee amputation and 3 deaths. Conclusion: The main cause of occlusive complications are occlusion of inflow or outflow artery. Treatments were different according to the first operation methods and graft used. The most frequent time of reoperation was within one year after the first operation. We believe that graft surveillance especially during the first year is very important factor in observing the patient. We can look forward to improving limb salvage rate to perform additional treatment such as radiological interventions and lumbar sympathectomy.

배경: 동맥 재건술 후에 발생하는 폐쇄성 합병증은 치료가 어렵고 재발 가능성이 높은 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 동맥 재수술에 관하여 임상양상 및 수술방법, 사용된 이식편, 술 후 결과들을 분석하여 이식편 폐쇄에 영향을 미치는 인자를 알아보고 효율적인 치료 방침을 세우는 데 도움을 얻고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 1월부터 2002년 12월까지 부산대학교병원 흉부외과에서 시행된 173명의 동맥재건술 후 재수술을 받은 33명(55예)을 대상으로 조사하여 임상적 특성과 치초 수술의 유형, 재수술시까지의 경과한 시간, 사용한 이식편, 치료의 결과 등을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 33명 중 32명이 남자였고 재수술 당시의 평균연령은 63.5세였다. 첫 수술에서 재수술까지의 기간은 11.9개월이었고 원인질환은 동맥경화증이 28예, 버거씨병 5예였다. 동반된 질환은 고혈압 19예, 당뇨병 11예, 심부전 6예 등의 순이었다. 한 환자당 평균 1.67회의 재수술이 시행되었고 치초의 수술유형은 대퇴동맥-슬와동맥 우회술이 19예로 가장 많았다. 수술에 사용되었던 이식편은 PTFE가 25예, Dacron이 6예였고 이식편에 따른 재수술률은 차이가 없었다. 재수술은 혈전제거술이 20예, 혈관 성형술 18예, 우회로 재조성술이 13예, 요부 교감신경절제술이 4예에서 시행되었다. 재수술의 결과는 하지의 기능회복이 15명, 하지보존 7명, 슬상부절단 5명, 슬하부 절단 3명, 사망 3명이었다. 걸론· 하지 동맥 재건술 후 발생하는 폐쇄성 합병증은 유입 동맥이나 유출동맥의 폐쇄가 발생하며 생기는 경우가 많았다 치료의 방침은 최초의 수술방법과 사용된 이식편에 따라 다를 수 있고 무엇보다도 이식편의 감시가 중요한데 이차 수술의 시행빈도가 가장 높은 시기인 술 후 1년 이내의 이식편 감시가 중요하다고 생각한다. 또한 재우회로술 뿐만 아니라 방사선학적 중재술 및 교감신경 절제술과 같은 부가적인 치료도 적극적으로 시행하여야 하지 보존율의 향상을 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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