Best Management Practices Reducing Soil Loss in the Saprolite Piled Upland in Hongcheon Highland

고령지 석비레 성토 밭의 토양유실 저감을 위한 최적영농관리방안

  • Park, Chol-Soo (National Institute of Highland Agriculture, RDA) ;
  • Jung, Yeong-Sang (Division of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Joo, Jin-Ho (Division of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Tae (National Institute of Highland Agriculture, RDA)
  • 박철수 (농촌진흥청 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 정영상 (강원대학교 생물환경학부) ;
  • 주진호 (강원대학교 생물환경학부) ;
  • 이정태 (농촌진흥청 고령지농업연구소)
  • Received : 2005.05.06
  • Accepted : 2005.05.29
  • Published : 2005.06.30

Abstract

Soil erosion at Jawoon-Ri in Hongcheon highland is one of serious problems since saprolite piling on farmland has been typically practiced at 2-3 year's intervals. The objective of the case study was to survey management practices such as tillage, application of saprolite, and cultivating crops and to propose best management practices (BMP) to reduce soil loss in Jawoon-Ri, Hongcheon-Gun. Jawoon-Ri is located in the upper stream of Naerinchun. Upland areas of Jawoon 2 and 4Ri were 206.9 and 142.3 hectare, respectively. Estimation of soil loss in this study was based on USLE (Universal soil loss equation). Annual averaged soil losses were 15.6 MT per hectare in Jawoon-2Ri and 9.0 MT per hectare in Jawoon-4Ri, respectively. This case study tried to find methods to reduce soil erosion below tolerant soil loss level which is $11MT\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$. Estimated soil losses in more than 40% of uplands in Jawoon-2Ri and 4Ri were higher than tolerant soil loss level. Especially, edge of uplands undergone excessive soil erosion by concentrated runoff water. Therefore consolidation of upland edge was included as one of the proposed Best management practices BMP). The proposed BMP in this area were buffer strips, contour and mulching, diversion drain channel, grassed water-way, detour watet-way and cover crops and so on. Amounts for BMP requirements were 7,680 m for buffer strips, 123 ha (35%) for contour and mulching, 201 ha (57%) for diversion drain channel, 13,880 m for grassed water-way, 3,860 m for detour drainage, 8,365 m for sloping side consolidation and 3,492 ha for cover crops, respectively. Application of BMP are urgently needed in uplands which is direct conjunction with stream.

강원도 홍천군에 위치한 내린천 상류의 자운리는 석비레 성토지에서 대다수 영농활동을 하고 있어 강우에 의한 토양유실이 심각하게 발생하고 있다. 자운 2리와 4리의 농경지에 대해 필지별로 지료를 구축한 후 토양유실량을 RUSLE를 기준으로 평가하였으며, 허용토양유실량을 $11MT\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$로 보고, 그 이하로 낮추기 위한 최적영농관리방안을 살펴보았다. 조사결과, 토양관리가 불량하여 40% 이상의 경작지에 토양보전을 위한 적정관리가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 관리방안의 적용이 없을 경우 발생하는 토양유실량은 자운 2리에서 평균 $15.6MT\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$, 자운 4리에서 평균 $9.0MT\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ 이었으며, 석비레 성토지는 대부분 토양유실허용 수준을 초과하였다. 이 지역에 필요한 적정관리방안은 완충식생대, 등고선 및 부초, 승수로 및 배수로, 초생수로, 승수로, 우회수로, 사면정비, 그러고 피복작물 등이 제시되었으며, 이 지역에서 토양유실량을 허용수준 이하로 낮추기 위해 필지별로 필요한 영농관리방안의 필요량은 완충식생대 7,680 m, 등고선 및 부초 123 ha (35%), 승수로 및 배수로 201 ha (58%), 초생수로 13,880 m, 우회수로 3,860 m, 사변정비 8,365 m, 그리고 피복작물 3,492 ha (100%)인 것으로 평가되었다. 경사지 농경지의 적정관리방안의 도입은 우리나라와 같이 수계에 직접 연결된 밭이 많고 상류권에 위치하여 상수원에 영향이 우려되는 지역에서 특히 시급한 과제로 최적영농관리방안에 대한 깊은 연구와 작용이 이루어져야 하며 이러한 프로그램을 교육하고 지속적으로 감시하며 더 나은 관리방안을 찾아서 보완해 나가는 연구가 요구된다.

Keywords

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