DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Cyclic load testing and numerical modeling of concrete columns with substandard seismic details

  • Marefat, Mohammad S. (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran) ;
  • Khanmohammadi, Mohammad (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran) ;
  • Bahrani, Mohammad K. (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran) ;
  • Goli, Ali (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran)
  • 투고 : 2005.04.20
  • 심사 : 2005.09.23
  • 발행 : 2005.10.25

초록

Recent earthquakes have shown that many of existing buildings in Iran sustain heavy damage due to defective seismic details. To assess vulnerability of one common type of buildings, which consists of low rise framed concrete structures, three defective and three standard columns have been tested under reversed cyclic load. The substandard specimens suffered in average 37% loss of strength and 45% loss of energy dissipation capacity relative to standard specimens, and this was mainly due to less lateral and longitudinal reinforcement and insufficient sectional dimensions. A relationship has been developed to introduce variation of plastic length under increasing displacement amplitude. At ultimate state, the length of plastic hinge is almost equal to full depth of section. Using calibrated hysteresis models, the response of different specimens under two earthquakes has been analyzed. The analysis indicated that the ratio between displacement demand and capacity of standard specimens is about unity and that of deficient ones is about 1.7.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Bayrak, O. and Sheikh, S. (2001), "Plastic hinge analysis", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, September.
  2. Brachmann, I. (2002), "Drift limits of rectangular reinforced concrete columns subjected to cyclic loading" MS thesis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kans., Apr., 369.
  3. Celebi, M. and Penzien, J. (1973), "Experimental investigation into the seismic behavior of critical region of reinforced concrete components as influenced by moment and shear", Earthquake Eng. Res. Centre, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA, EERC 73-4.
  4. Chai, Y. H., Pristley, M. J. N. and Seible, F. (1994), "Analytical model for steel jacketed RC circular bridge columns", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 120.
  5. Corley, W. G. (1966), "Rational capacity of reinforced concrete beams", Bulletin D108, Skokie, Portland Cement Association, Research and Development Laboratories.
  6. Eberhard, M. (2002), "Reinforced concrete column test database", University of Washington, Seattle, Wash., www.ce.washington.edu/-peera1.
  7. Ehsani, M. R. and Wight, J. K. (1990), "Confinement steel requirements for connections in ductile frames," J. Struc. Div., ASCE, 116(ST3), 751-767. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:3(751)
  8. Englekirk, R. E. (2003), Seismic Design of Reinforced and Precast Concrete Buildings, John Wiley and Sons, NewYork.
  9. Esmaeily, A. and Xiao, Y. (2004), "Behavior of reinforced concrete columns under variable axial loading", ACI Struct. J., 101(1), Jan-Feb., 124-132.
  10. Hachem, M. M., Mahin, A. S. and Moehle, P. J. (2003), "Performance of circular reinforced concrete bridge columns under bidirectional earthquake loading", Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, PEER2003/06.
  11. Ho, J. C. M. and Pam, H. J. (2003), "Inelastic design of low-axially loaded high-strength reinforced concrete columns", J. Eng. Struct., 25, 1083-1096. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00050-6
  12. Kent, D. C. and Park, R. (1973), "Cyclic load behavior of reinforcing steel strain", British Society for Strain Measurement, 9(3), 98-103.
  13. Lehman, D. E. and Moehle, P. J. (1998), "Seismic performance of well-confined concrete bridge columns", Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, PEER1998/01.
  14. Mo, Y. L. and Wang, S. J. (2000), "Seismic behavior of rc columns with various tie configurations" J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 126(10), 279-313. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:3(279)
  15. Ono, A., Shirai, N., Adachi, H. and Sakamaki, Y. (1989), "Elasto-plastic behavior of reinforced concrete column with fluctuating axial force", Transactions of the Japan Concrete Institute, Vol. 11, 239-246.
  16. Otani, S. and Sozen, M. A. (1972), "Behavior of multi-story reinforced concrete frames during earthquakes", Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL, Structural Research Series, No.392.
  17. Paulay, T. and Priestly, M. J. N. (1992), Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Buildings, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
  18. Paultre, P., Legeron, F. and Mongeau, D. (2001), "Influence of concrete strength and transvers reinforcement yield strength on behavior of high-strength concrete columns", ACI Struct. J., 98(4), July-Aug., 490-501.
  19. Pristley, M. J. N and Park, R. (1987), "Strength and ductility of concrete bridge columns under seismic loading", ACI Struct. J.
  20. Pristley, M. J. N., Seible, F. and Calvi, G. (1996), Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
  21. Pujol, S. (2002), "Drift capacity of reinforced concrete columns subjected to displacement reversals", Ph.D. Thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University.
  22. Saatcioglu, M. (1991), "Modeling hysteretic force-deformation relationships for reinforced concrete elements", ACI, SP127, 153-198.
  23. Saatcioglu, M. and Ozcebe, G. (1989), "Response of reinforced concrete columns to simulated seismic loading", ACI Struct. J., January-February, 3-12.
  24. Saiidi, M. and Sozen M. A. (1979), "Simple and complex models for nonlinear seismic response of reinforced concrete structures", Civil Engineering Studies, University of Illinois, Structural Research Series No. 465.
  25. Sheikh, S. A. and Khoury, S. S. (1993), "Confined concrete columns with stubs", ACI Struct. J., 90(4), July- Aug., 414-431.
  26. Stone, W. C. and Taylor, A. W. (1992), "A predictive model for hysteretic failure parameters", Proc. of Tenth World Conference on Earthquake Engrg., 2575-2580.
  27. Takeda, T., Sozen M. A. and Nielsen N. N. (1970), "Reinforced concrete response to simulated earthquakes", J. Struc. Div., ASCE, 96(ST12), 2557- 2573.
  28. Valles, R. E., Reinhorn, M., Kunnath, S. K. and Li, C. (1996), "IDARC: A Program for inelastic damage analysis of buildings", Civil Engineering Studies, Technical Report NCEER-96-0010, State University of New York at Buffalo.
  29. Xiao, Y. and Martirossyan A. (1998), "Seismic performance of high strength concrete columns", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 124(3), 241-251. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:3(241)
  30. Zahn, F. A. (1986), "Design of reinforced concrete bridge columns for strength and ductility", University of Canterbury, Department of Civil Engineering.

피인용 문헌

  1. Strain-Gradient-Dependent Stress-Strain Curve for Normal-Strength Concrete vol.16, pp.11, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.16.11.1911
  2. Numerical simulation of performance of near-surface mounted FRP-upgraded beam–column sub-assemblages under cyclic loading vol.11, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2014.926376
  3. Equivalent stress block for normal-strength concrete incorporating strain gradient effect vol.64, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2012.64.1.1
  4. Combined strain gradient and concrete strength effects on flexural strength and ductility design of RC columns vol.15, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2015.15.4.607
  5. Strain gradient effects on concrete stress–strain curve vol.165, pp.10, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1680/stbu.10.00056
  6. Seismic retrofit of external concrete beam-column joints reinforced by plain bars using steel angles prestressed by cross ties vol.148, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.07.014
  7. Modification on Equivalent Stress Block of Normal-Strength Concrete by Incorporating Strain Gradient Effects vol.14, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.07.283
  8. Strain gradient effects on flexural strength design of normal-strength concrete columns vol.33, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.09.014
  9. Nonlinear modeling of cyclic response of RC beam–column joints reinforced by plain bars vol.16, pp.11, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0399-4
  10. Maximum axial load level and minimum confinement for limited ductility design of high-strength concrete columns vol.6, pp.5, 2005, https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2009.6.5.357
  11. Numerical analysis of under-designed reinforced concrete beam-column joints under cyclic loading vol.7, pp.3, 2005, https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2010.7.3.203
  12. Maximum concrete stress developed in unconfined flexural RC members vol.8, pp.2, 2005, https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2011.8.2.207