Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment

Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment (한국대기환경학회)
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Size Distribution Characteristics of Particulate Mass and Ion Components at Gosan, Korea from 2002 to 2003

  • Han J.S. (Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Environmental Research Complex) ;
  • Moon K.J. (Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Environmental Research Complex) ;
  • Lee S.J. (Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Environmental Research Complex) ;
  • Kim J.E. (ADvanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)) ;
  • Kim Y.J. (ADvanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST))
  • Published : 2005.03.01
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Abstract

Size distribution of particulate water-soluble ion components was measured at Gosan, Korea using a micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI). Sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate showed peaks in three size ranges; Sulfate and ammonium were of dominant species measured in the fine mode ($D_{p} < 1.8 {\mu}m$). One peak was observed in the condensation mode ($0.218\sim0.532{\mu}m$), and the other peak was obtained in the droplet mode ($0.532\sim1.8{\mu}m$). Considering the fact that the equivalent ratios of ammonium to sulfate ranged from 0.5 to 1.0 in these size ranges, it is inferred that they formed sufficiently neutralized compounds such as ($NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4} and (NH_{4})_{3}H(SO_{4})_{2}$ during the long-range transport of anthropogenic pollutants. On the other hand, nitrate was distributed mainly in the coarse mode ($3.1\sim6.2{\mu}m$) combined with soil and sea salt. Two sets of MOUDI samples were collected in each season. One sample was collected when the concentrations of criteria air pollutants were relatively high, but the other represented relatively clean air quality. The concentrations of sulfate and ammonium particles in droplet mode were the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. When the air quality was bad, the increase of nitrate was observed in the condensation mode ($0.218\sim0.282{\mu}m$). It thus suggests that the nitrate particles were produced through gas phase reaction of nitric acid with ammonia. Chloride depletion was remarkably high in summer due to the high temperature and relative humidity.

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References

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