Efficacy of Mitral Valve Surgery in Moderate Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation (MR)

중등도의 허혈성 승모판막 폐쇄부전증 환자에서 승모판막 수술의 유용성

  • Jung Sung Ho (Graduate School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee Jae Won (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan) ;
  • Choi Jun Young (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 정성호 (경상대학교 대학원 의학과) ;
  • 이재원 (서울아산병원 흉부외과, 울산대학교) ;
  • 최준영 (경상대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실)
  • Published : 2005.05.01

Abstract

Background: Patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) in the setting of coronary artery disease have a dismal long-term prognosis whether treated medically or surgically. Moreover, the optimal management of moderate ischemic MR at the time of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains the subjects of controversy. Thus, the present retrospective study was undertaken to determine whether mitral valve surgery for moderate ischemic MR at the time of CABG would be preferable to CABG alone in terms of clinical outcome. Material and Method: Between January 1997 and December 2003, 34 patients with moderate (Gr 3/4) ischemic MR underwent CABG alone (Group I, n=23) or CABG plus mitral valve surgery (Group II, n=11). Operative mortality, long-term survival and echocardiographic parameters were used to evaluate the efficacy of mitral valve surgery in patients with moderate ischemic MR. The mean follow-up durations of each group were $69.3\pm4.3$ months and $53.1\pm4.9$ months respectively. Result: There was no hospital mortality in both groups. There was one case of late mortality in Group I. The mean number of bypass graft was similar ($3.8\pm1.2\;vs\;3.7\pm1.3$ respectively). Cardiopulmonary bypass time was longer in group II (p=0.014). In group II, all of the patients received mitral annuloplasty using ring. On immediate postoperative echo-cardiogram, mitral regurgitation was reduced more in group II (p=0.002). Echocardiogram performed at last follow-up state showed no difference except the grade of MR between the two groups. Actuarial survival of both groups at 5 years was similar ($95.5\%\;vs\;100\%$, p=0.48). Conclusion: This study shows that in selected patients with moderate ischemic MR, CABG without mitral valve surgery might be sufficient. However, patients with low EF and NYHA functional class pre-operatively had tendency of significant residual MR, so mitral valve surgery should be necessary in these patients, and moreover, MR severity and left ventricle volume decreased more in mitral valve surgery group. Therefore, more large-scale studies are necessary to determine these effects on the ventricular function and long-term survival.

배경: 관상동맥 질환에 동반된 허혈성 승모판막 폐쇄부전증을 가진 환자들은 장기 생존율이 좋지 않다. 게다가 중등도의 승모판막 폐쇄부전에 대한 치료방법은 아직 확립되어 있지 않은 상태이다. 따라서 본 저자들은 후향적 연구를 통하여 중등도의 허혈성 승모판막 폐쇄부전 환자에서 관상동맥 우회술만을 시행한 군과 승모판막 수술을 함께 시행한 군을 비교하여 승모판막 수술의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1997년 1월부터 2003년 12월까지 중등도의 허혈성 승모판막 폐쇄부전증으로 진단받은 34명을 대상으로 관상동맥 우회술만을 시행한 군을 I군(n=23), 승모판막 수술을 동시에 시행한 군을 II군(n=11)으로 하였다. 각 군의 평균 추적관찰 기간은 $69.3\pm4.3$개월과 $53.1\pm4.9$개월이었다. 결과: 양 군에서 수술 사망은 없었고, 만기 사망은 I군에서 1명 있었다. II군에서 모든 환자들은 고리(Ring)를 이용한 승모판륜 성형술을 시행받았다. 수술 직후 승모판막 폐쇄부전의 정도는 II군에서 더 만이 감소하였고, 마지막 추적 관찰한 심초음파 검사 상 승모판막 폐쇄부전의 정도를 제외한 나머지 인자들은 양 군간 차이를 보이지 않았다. 양 군의 5년 생존율 또한 차이가 없었다($95.5\%\;vs\;100\%$, p=0.48). 결론: 본 연구 결과에 의하면 중등도의 허혈성 승모판막 폐쇄부전을 가진 선택된 환자에서는 관상동맥 우회술만으로 만족할 만한 결과를 얻을 수 있었으나 수술 전 심박출계수가 낮거나 NYHA class가 낮은 환자들에서는 수술 후 승모판막 폐쇄부전이 지속적으로 남아있는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 이러한 환자들에서는 승모판막 수술을 시행하는 것이 좋다고 생각된다. 또한, 승모판막 수술을 시행한 환자들에서 좌심실용적과 승모판막 폐쇄부전의 정도가 많이 감소하였는데 심실기능과 장기 생존율에 대한 이러한 인자들의 영향을 알아보기 위해서는 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 연구가 필요하다고 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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