Modified Blalock-Taussig Shunt for the Patients with Complex Congenital Heart Defects in Early Infancy

조기 영아기에 시행된 복합 심기형 환자들에서의 변형 Blalock-Taussig 단락술

  • Lim Hong Gook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Kim Woong-Han (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hwang Seong Wook (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Lee Cheul (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Kim Chong Whan (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Lee Chang-Ha (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute)
  • 임홍국 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 김웅한 (서울대학교병원 흉부외과, 서울대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 황성욱 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 이철 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 김종환 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소) ;
  • 이창하 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 세종심장연구소)
  • Published : 2005.05.01

Abstract

Background: This retrospective review examines the preoperative condition, postoperative course, mortality and cause of death for the patients who underwent modified Blalock-Taussig shunt for complex congenital heart defects in early infancy. Material and Method: Fifty eight patients underwent modified Blalock-Taussig shunts from January 2000 to November 2003. The mean age at operation was $23.1\pm16.2$ days ($5\~81\;days$), and the mean body weight was $3.4\pm0.7\;kg\;(2.1\~4.3\;kg)$. Indications for surgery were pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect in 12 cases, pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum in 17, single ventricle (SV) in 18, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) in 11. Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) was associated with SV in 4 cases. Result: There were 11 ($19.0\%$) early, and 5 ($10.6\%$) late deaths. Causes of early death included low cardiac output in 9, arrhythmia in 1, and multiorgan failure in 1. Late deaths resulted from pneumonia in 2, hypoxia in 1, and sepsis in 1. Risk factors influencing mortality were preoperative pulmonary hypertension, metabolic acidosis, use of cardiopulmonary bypass, HLHS and TAPVR. Twenty four patients ($41.4\%$) had hemodynamic instability during the 48 postoperative-hours. Six patients underwent shunt revision for occlusion, and 1 shunt division for pulmonary overflow. Conclusion: Modified Blalock-Taussig shunt for complex congenital heart defects in early infancy had satisfactory results except in high risk groups. Many patients had early postoperative hemodynamic instability, which means that continuous close observation and management are mandatory in this period. Aggressive management may appear warranted based on understanding of hemodynamic changes for high risk groups.

배경: 조기 영아기에 변형 Blalock-Taussig 단락술을 시행받은 복합 심기형 환자들을 대상으로 술 전상태, 술 후 경과, 사망률과 사망원인을 고찰하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 1월부터 2003년 11월까지 조기 영아기에 변형 Blalock-Taussig 단락술을 시행받은 복합 심기형 환자 58명을 연구 대상으로 하였다. 수술 당시 환자들의 평균 연령은 $23.1\pm16.2$일($5\~1$일)이었고, 평균 체중은 $3.4\pm0.7\;kg\;(2.1\~4.3kg)$이었다. 진단은 심실중격결손을 동반한 폐동맥 폐쇄가 12예($20.7\%$), 심실중격이 온전한 폐동맥 폐쇄가 17예($29.3\%$), 단심실이 18예($31.0\%$), 좌측심장형성부전이 11예($19.0\%$)였다. 4예의 총폐정맥연결이상증이 단심실에 동반되었다. 결과: 조기 사망은 11예($19.0\%$)로, 사인은 저심박출증 9예, 부정맥 1예, 다장기부전이 1예였다. 만기 사망은 5예($10.9\%$)로, 사인은 폐렴 2예, 저산소증 1예, 패혈증이 1예였다. 단락술 후 사망에 관여하는 유의한 인자는 술 전 폐동맥 고혈압, 술 전 대사성산증, 술 중 심폐우회술의 이용, 좌측심장형성부전과 총폐정맥연결이상증이었다. 술 후 48시간 동안 24명($41.4\%$)의 환자에서 혈역학적인 불안정성을 보였다. 단락폐쇄에 의한 재수술이 6예, 폐혈류과다에 의한 단락분리술이 1예에서 시행되었다. 걸론: 조기 영아기에 변형 Blalock-Taussig 단락술을 시행받은 복합 심기형 환자들은 고위험군을 제외하면 생존률 및 술 후 경과 측면에서 만족할 만한 결과를 보였다. 수술 직후 많은 환자들에서 혈역학적인 불안정성 시기가 있으므로, 지속적인 집중 관찰 및 치료가 필요하다. 고위험군에 대해서는 단락술 후의 혈역학적 변화에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 한 적극적인 술 후 관리가 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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