Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
권호 표지

Morphological Characteristics of Peridinium bipes f. occcultatum (Dinophyceae) Isolated from Three Geographically Segregated Aquatic Systems of Korea

  • Published : 2005.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

To resolve some of the most pressing uncertainties of Peridinium identity, morphological characteristics of Korean Peridinium were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. The Peridinium samples were collected from three different regions of Juam, Sang-sa and Togyo Reservoirs, when seasonal blooms occurred. Formula of the epithecal plate was recorded with 7 precingular, 3 intercalary, and 4 apical plates (4', 3a, 7"). An apical pore, 3 ${\sim}$ 5 ${\mu}m$ in size, was apparently present. The cingulum was easily observed under light microscope, and was considerably offset by about 15 ${\mu}m$ (2 ${\sim}$ 3 times per cingulum width). The sulcus was straight longitudinally and widened apparently towards the antapex. None of spine was found on the surface of the thecal plates on scanning electron micrographs. The average body length was 50.4 ${\mu}m$ with a range of 29 ${\sim}$ 63 ${\mu}m$. The geometric dimension, as designated to the body length:width ratio, was found from calculation to be 1.12 with a range of 1.00 ${\sim}$ 1.35, therefore, the cell was shown slightly elongated. Based on their morphology, the causative organisms of red tides in three different Korean waters were identified as P. bipes f. occultatum, which was reported for the first time in Korea.

Keywords

References

  1. Abe, T.H. 1981. Studies on the order Peridinidae an unfinished monograph of the armoured dinoflagellata. The Nippon Printing and Publishing Co., Tokyo.
  2. Bellinger, E.G. 1992. A key to common algae: freshwater, estuarine and some coastal species. The Institution of Water and Environmental Management, London.
  3. Elster, H.-J. and W. Ohle. 1968. Die Binnengewasser: Einzeldarstellungen aus der Limnologie und ihren Nachbargebieten. E (in German). E. Schweizerbart’s Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
  4. Fukuju, S., T. Takahashi and T. Kawayoke. 1998. Statistical analysis of freshwater red tide in Japanese reservoirs. Wat. Sci. Tech. 37: 203-210.
  5. Han, M.-S., K. Lee and K.-I. Yoo. 1995. Ecological studies on Togyo Reservoir in Chulwan, Korea I. A field test for in situ aquatic net-enclosure mesocosm (in Korean). Korean J. Limnol. 28: 487- 495.
  6. Hansen, G., N. Daugbjerg and P. Henriksen. 2000. Comparative study of Gymnodinium mikimotoi and Gyrodinium aureolum, Comb. Nov. (Gyrodinium aureolum), based on morphology, pigment composition, and molecular data. J. Phycol. 36: 394-410.
  7. Huber-Pestalozzi, G. 1968. Cryptophyceae, Chloromonadophyceae, Dinophyceae. In: Das Phytoplankton des Susswassers, pp. 208-211 (in German). E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
  8. Ikeda, T., T. Matsumoto, H. Kisa, Y. Ishida and A. Kawai. 1993. Analysis of growth limiting factors causative of freshwater red tide by dinoflagellate Peridinium bipes f. occulatum (in Japanese). Jpn. J. Limnol. 54: 179-189.
  9. Kawabata, Z. and Y. Hirano. 1995. Growth pattern and cellular nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the dinoflagellate Peridinium penardii (Lemm.) Lemm. causing a freshwater red tide in a reservoir. Hydrobiologia. 312: 115-120.
  10. Ki, J.-S. 1998. Ecological studies on Togyo Reservoir in Chulwon, Korea: seasonal succession of phytoplankton community structures with an emphasis on the genus Peridinium (Dinophyceae) (in Korean). M.Sc. thesis, Hanyang University, Seoul.
  11. Kofoid, C.A. and O. Swezy. 1974. The free-living unarmoured dinoflagellata. Chp. XIV: Gymnodiniidae: Cochlodinium. University of California Press, CA.
  12. Lee, E.-J. and K.-S. Cho. 1994. Yearly variation of phytoplankton in Lake Soyang (in Korean). Korean J. Limnol. 27: 9-22.
  13. Lee, O.M. 1994. The annual dynamics of standing crops and distribution of phytoplankton in Juam Lake in 1992 (in Korean). Korean J. Limnol. 27: 327-337.
  14. Lee, K., J.-Y. Park and M.-S. Han. 1996. Ecological studies on Togyo Reservoir in Chulwan, Korea II. The seasonal changes of phytoplankton community structure (in Korean). Korean J. Limnol. 29: 241-246.
  15. Lee, R.E. 1989. Phycology. Cambridge University Press, NY.
  16. Nakamoto, N. 1975. A freshwater red tide on a water reservoir (in Japanese). Jpn. J. Limnol. 36: 55-64.
  17. Pollingher, U. 1987. Freshwater ecosystems. In: The Biology of Dinoflagellates, pp. 502-529 (Taylor, F.J.R. ed.). Blackwell, Oxford.
  18. Pollingher, U. 1988. Freshwater armored dinoflagellates: growth, reduction strategies, and population dynamics. In: Growth and Reproductive Strategies of Freshwater Phytoplankton, pp. 134-74 (Sandgren, C.D. ed.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  19. Pollingher, U. and C. Serruya. 1976. Placed division of Peridinium cinctum, f. westii (Dinophyceae) and development of the lake Kinneret (Israel) bloom. J. Phycol. 12: 162-70.
  20. Popovsk´y, J. and L. A. Pfiester, 1990. Dinophyceae (Dinoflagellida). In: Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa, pp. 272 (Ettl, H., J. Gerloff, H. Heynig and D. Mollenhauer, eds.). (in German). Fischer Verlag, Jena and Stuttgart.
  21. Stein, F. 1883. Der Organismus der Infusionsthiere nach eigenen Forschungen, III. Die Naturgeschichte der arthodelen Flagellaten, pp. 1-30. (in German). Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig.
  22. Wynne, D., N.J. Patni, S. Aaroson and T. Berman. 1982. The relationship between nutrient status and chemical composition of Peridinium cinctum during the bloom in Lake Kinneret. J. Plankton Res. 4: 125-140.
  23. Yamada, M., Y. Ono and I. Somiya. 1998. Accumulation of freshwater red tide in a dam reservoir. Wat. Sci. Tech. 37: 211-218.