Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
권호 표지

Study on the Secondary School Students' Perception on Scientist and Woman Scientist as Career and Its Role Model

직업인으로서의 과학기술자 및 여성 과학기술자, 그리고 역할모델에 대한 중.고등학생들의 인식 조사

  • Published : 2005.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify various issues contributing to the current issues of students not wanting to major in science and engineering. and further explore various strategies to encourage their higher education in the science and engineering area. The study administered survey on students' perception towards the science related profession including respondents' gender, grade, their attitude towards woman scientists, perception on the woman scientists, scientists as profession, their level of knowledge on the scientists, and if there is any they respect. The results indicated that overall perceptions on the scientists as career for high school students was positive, but there was more negative acceptance for the juniors since they are more concerned with their majors at the university: higher for students who are in the natural science area than the ones in the social science school since they are more directly related than others. The perception on the woman scientists and girls in the science and engineering majors was positive. However, there were some differences in the response level among the items. Among these, considering the job availability and conditions, the perception was more negative than the others. Also the result indicated that both boys and girls disagree that the science-related profession may be gender-inappropriate for girls due to physical and cognitive characteristics. Results also indicated the level of awareness among scientists, they had higher awareness for male scientists than that of the female, and also international ones than the national ones. And many girls did not have positive image of a successful woman scientists.

본 연구에서는 이공계 위기를 극복하고 또한 여학생의 이공계 진출을 위한 방안 모색의 기초 자료로서, 중고등 학생을 대상으로 직업인으로서 과학기술자에 대한 인식, 여성의 이공계열 진학 및 과학기술 관련 직업을 갖는 것에 대한 인식, 그리고 국내외의 남녀과학기술자의 인지도와 존경하는 남녀과학기술자를 조사하였다. 조사 결과, 직업인으로서의 과학기술자에 대한 고등학생들의 인식은 긍정적이라고 볼 수 있으나, 대학 전공과 직업 선택에 대한 관심이 보다 구체화되는 2학년이 1학년보다 그리고 이러한 부정적 인식을 자신의 일로 심각하게 고려할 가능성이 높은 이학공학정보과정 학생이 인문사회어문과정 학생보다 부정적 인식이 높다. 또한 여학생의 이공계 진학과 여성 과학기술자에 대한 인식도 전반적으로 긍정적이었으나 문항에 따라 인식에 차이가 있었는데, 남학생과 여학생 모두 '여성의 사고나 신체적 차이로 인한 이공계 진학의 부적합성'에 대해서는 동의하는 정도가 낮았지만, '취업과 근무조건 등 비교적 현실적 측면'을 반영하는 항목에 대해서는 상대적으로 부정적 의식이 높게 나타났다. 국내외의 남녀과학기술자의 인지도는 남성과학기술자에 비해 여성과학기술자, 특히 여성과학기술자 중에서도 국내 여성과학기술자에 대한 인지도가 훨씬 낮게 나타났다. 또한 높은 비율의 여학생들이 존경하는 여성 과학기술자의 상을 갖지 못하고 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. 과학기술부(2003). 과학기술연구활동조사보고서
  2. 김학수(1999). 과학기술자 이미지 실태 조사. 과학기술부
  3. 김효남, 정완호, 정진우(1998). 국가수준의 과학에 관련된 정의적 특성의 평가체제 개발. 한국과학교육학회지, 18(3), 357-369
  4. 송진웅, 박승재, 장경애(1992). 초중고 남녀학생의 과학수업과 과학자에 대한 태도. 한국과학교육학회지, 12(3), 109-118
  5. 신영준(2000). 과학 학습 배경의 성차 분석에 근거한 여학생 친화적 과학 수업 전략 개발. 한국교원대학교 박사학위논문
  6. 송현미, 신영준(2000). 여학생이 선호하는 과학 수업 형태 및 수업 환경 조사를 통한 과학수업 전략 수립. 한국생물교육학회지, 28(2), 136-143
  7. 최경희(2001). 과학교과에서의 양성 평등을 위한 교수학습 전략 및 자료개발 방안. 한국과학교육학회지, 21(1), 213-230
  8. 한경희(2004). 이공계 위기의 재해석과 엔지니어의 자기성찰. 한국사회학, 38(4)
  9. Baker, D. R.(1987). The Influence of Role-Specific Self-Concept and Sex-Role Identity on Career Choices in Science. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 24(8), 739-756 https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660240807
  10. Barman, C. R.(1999). Students' Views About Scientists and School Science: Engaging K-8 Teachers in a National Study. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 10(1), 43-54 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009424713416
  11. Chambers, D. W.(1983). Stereotypic Images of the Scientist: The Draw-A-Scientist Test. Science Education, 67(2), 255-265 https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.3730670213
  12. Evans, M. A., Whigham, M., & Wang, M. C.(1995). The effect of role model project upon the attitudes of ninth-grade science students. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 32(2), 195-204 https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660320208
  13. Francis, L. J. & Greer, J. E.(1999). Measuring Attitude towards Science among Secondary School Students: The Affective Domain. Research in Science and Technological Education, 17(2), 219-226 https://doi.org/10.1080/0263514990170207
  14. Feldman, S. D.(1974). Escape from the doll's house : women in graduate and professional school education. McGraw-Hill: New York
  15. Gottfredson, L. S.(1981). Circumscription and Compromise: A Developmental Theory of Occupational Aspirations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28(6), 545-579 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.28.6.545
  16. Harding, J.(1996). Girl's achievement in science and technology-implications for pedagogy In P. F. Murphy & C. V. Gipps(Ed.) Equity in the classroom: Toward effective pedagogy for girls and boys. Falmer Press: London
  17. Kahle, J. B. & Lakes, M. L.(1983). The Myth of Equality in Science Classrooms. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 20(2), 131-40 https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660200205
  18. Kelly, A.(1987). Why girls don't do science. In A. Kelly (Ed.). Science for Girls?. Open University Press: Milton Keynes, UK
  19. Long, M. & Steinke, J.(1996). The thrill of everyday science: images of science and scientists on children's educational science programmes in the United States. Public Understanding of Science, 5(2), 101-119 https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-6625/5/2/002
  20. Maria, M. F.(2003). Gender issues related to graduate student attrition in two science departments. International Journal of Science Education, 25(8), 969-989 https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690305026
  21. Mead, M. & Metraus, R.(1957). Image of the scientist among high-school students: a pilot study, Science, 126, 384-390 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.126.3270.384
  22. Moore, R. W. & Foy, R. L. H.(1997). The Scientific Attitude Inventory: A Revision (SAI II). Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 34(4), 327-336 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2736(199704)34:4<327::AID-TEA3>3.0.CO;2-T
  23. Seymour, E.(1995). The loss of women from science, mathematics, and engineering undergraduate majors: An explanatory account. Science Education, 79(4), 437-473 https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.3730790406
  24. She, H.(1998). Gender and grade level differences in Taiwan students' stereotypes of science and scientists, Research in Science & Technological Education, 16(2), 125-135 https://doi.org/10.1080/0263514980160203
  25. Weinburgh, M.(1995). Gender Differences in Student Attitudes toward Science: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature from 1970 to 1991, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 32(4), 387-398 https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660320407