Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
권호 표지

Outflow of Dissolved Organic Matter from Agricultural Fields in an Irrigation Period

관개기간 중 농경지로부터의 용존 유기물의 유출

  • Shim, Sooyoung (Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Bumchul (Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Hosoi, Yoshihiko (Department of Social Development System, Tottori National University) ;
  • Masuda, Takanori (Department of Social Development System, Tottori National University)
  • Received : 2004.10.12
  • Accepted : 2004.12.07
  • Published : 2005.03.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The aim of this study is to quantify and characterize the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from paddy fields and crop fields in Tottori, Japan. DOC and ultraviolet (UV) absorption were measured in the filtrated water of each sample. The DOC concentration and the SUVA (specific UV absorption) of biodegradation analysis samples were determined around 50 days after their incubation. In the Fukui paddy fields, DOC concentration varied seasonally from 1.1 to $10.1mg\;Cl^{-1}$, becoming higher during heavy runoffs in April, a non-agriculture period. Variations in DOC concentration did not always correspond to rainfall, though. The Obadake paddy fields showed a DOC concentration pattern similar to that of the Fukui paddy fields. The daily DOC discharge per area in the Fukui (up), Fukui (down), Obadake (south) and Obadake (north) paddy fields influent from paddy fields were 0.02, 0.0161, 0.0135 and $0.0027kg\;a^{-1}day^{-1}$, respectively. These differences resulted from differences in agricultural types and customs of farmers according to paddy fields and other kinds of fields. Also, the SUVAs [which are indirect means to evaluate humic substances (hydrophobic fractions)] of the studied influent waters from paddy fields were generally lower than those of the influent waters from crop fields. Nonbiodegradable DOC accounted for 50.2 - 98% and 46.8 - 85.5% of the total DOC in the paddy fields and in the crop fields, respectively.

Keywords

References

  1. Antweiler, R. C. and Drever, J. I., The Weathering of a Late Tertiary Volcanic Ash: The Importance of Organic Solutes, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta., 47, pp. 623-629 (1983) https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(83)90283-1
  2. Choi, K. S., Kim, B. K., Imai, A. and Matsushige, K., Vertical Distribution and Fractionation of Dissolved Organic Carbon in a Deep Korean Reservoir, Lake Soyang. Arch. Hydrobiol., 155(2), pp. 333-352 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/155/2002/333
  3. Cronan, C. S., Comparative Effects of Precipitation Acidity on Three Forested Soils: Carbon Cycling Responses, Plant Soil, 88, pp. 101-112 (1985) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02140669
  4. Dalva, M. and Moore, T. R., Sources and Sinks fo Dissolved Organic Carbon in a Forested Swamp Catchment, Biochemistry, 15, pp. 1-19 (1992)
  5. Edzwald, J. K., Becker, W. C. and Wattlier, K. L., Surrogate Parameters for Monitoring Organic Matter and THM Precursors, J. Am. Waterworks Assoc., 77, pp. 122-132 (1985)
  6. Frimmel, F. H., Characterization of Natural Organic Matter as Major Constituents in Aquatic Systems, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 35, pp. 201-216 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7722(98)00133-8
  7. Hinton, M. J., Schiff, S. L. and English, M. C., The Significance of Strom for the Concentration and Export of Dissolved Organic Carbon from Two Precambrian Shield Catchments, Biogeochemistry, 36, pp. 67-88 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005779711821
  8. Iakimenko, O., Otabbong, E., Sadovnikova, L., Persson, J., Nilsson, I., Orlov, D. and Ammosova, Y., Dynamic Transformation of Sewage Sludge and Farmyard Manure Components. I. Content of Humic Substances and Mineralization of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Incubated Soils, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 58, pp. 121-126 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(95)01006-8
  9. Imai, A., Fukusima, T., Matsushige, K. and Yonghwan, K., Fractionation and Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake, its Inflowing Rivers, and Other Organic Matter Sources, Wat. Res., 35(17), pp. 4019-4028 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00139-7
  10. Jardin, P. M., Weber, N. L. and McCarthy, J. F., Mechanism of Dissolved Organic Carbon Adsorption on Soil, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 53, pp. 1378-1385 (1989) https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300050013x
  11. Kaiser, K., Guggenberger, G., Haumaier, L. and Zech, W., Dissolved Organic Matter Sorption on Subsoils and Minerals Studied by $^{13}$C-NMR and DRIFT Spectroscopy, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 48, pp. 301-310 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1997.tb00550.x
  12. Kalbitz, K., Solinger, S., Park, J. H., Michalzik, B. and Matzner, E., Controls on the Dynamics of Dissolved Organic Matter in Soil: a review, Soil Sci., 165, pp. 277-304 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200004000-00001
  13. Kalbitz, K., Schmerwitz, J., Schwesig, D. and Matzner, E., Biodegradation of Soil-derived Dissolved Organic Matter as Related to its Properties, Geoderma, 113, pp. 273-291 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7061(02)00365-8
  14. Kim, B., Choi, K., Kim, C., Lee, U. and Kim, Y. H., The Effect of Summer Monsoon on the Distribution and Loading of Organic Carbon in a Deep Reservoir, Lake Soyang, Korea. Wat. Res., 34, pp. 3495-3504 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00104-4
  15. McDowell, W. H. and Wood, T., Podosolization: Soil Processes Control Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations in Stream Water, Soil Sci., 137, pp. 23-32 (1984) https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-198401000-00004
  16. Meyer, J. L. and Tate, C. M., The Effects of Watershed Disturbance on Dissolved Organic Carbon Dynamics of a Stream, Ecology, 64, pp. 33-44 (1983) https://doi.org/10.2307/1937326
  17. Parks, S. J. and Baker, L. A., Sources and Transport of Organic Carbon in an Arizona River Reservoir System, Wat. Res., 31, pp. 1751-1759 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(96)00404-6
  18. Qualls, R. G. and Haines, B. L., Biodegradability of Dissolved Organic Matter in Forest Throughfall, Soil Solution, and Stream Water, Soil Sci. Am. J., 56, pp. 578-586 (1992) https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600020038x
  19. Thurman, E. M., Organic Geochemistry of Natural Waters, Martinus Nijhoff (ed.). Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands (1985)
  20. Trumbore, S. E., Schiff, S. L., Avavena, R. and Elgood, R., Sources and Transformation of Dissolved Organic Carbon in the Harp Lake Forested Catchment: The Role of Soils, Radiocarbon, 34, pp. 626-635 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200063918