Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
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Electron Donor Determination and Comparisons of Reaction Rates for Bioremediation of Nitrate Contaminated Groundwater

질산성 질소로 오염된 지하수의 생물복원을 위한 적정 전자공여체의 결정 및 반응속도 비교 연구

  • Oa, Seongwook (Department of Railroad, Civil and Env. Engineering, Woosong University) ;
  • Lee, Yoonhee (Department of Railroad, Civil and Env. Engineering, Woosong University) ;
  • Kim, Geonha (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hannam University) ;
  • Kim, Young (Department of Environmental System Engineering, Korea University)
  • 어성욱 (우송대학교 철도건설환경공학과) ;
  • 이윤희 (우송대학교 철도건설환경공학과) ;
  • 김건하 (한남대학교 토목환경공학과) ;
  • 김영 (고려대학교 환경시스템공학과)
  • Received : 2005.07.13
  • Accepted : 2005.08.31
  • Published : 2005.11.30
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Abstract

Groundwater contamination by nitrate exceeding water quality criteria (10 mg $NO_3{^-}-N/L$) occurs frequently. Fumarate, acetate, formate, lactate, propionate, ethanol, methane and hydrogen gas were evaluated for their nitrate removal efficiencies and removal rates for in situ bioremediation of nitrate contaminated groundwater. Denitrification rate for each substrate was in the order of: fumarate > hydrogen > formate/lactate > ethanol > propionate > methanol > acetate. Microcosm studies were performed with fumarate and acetate. When fumarate was used as a substrate, nitrate was removed 100 percent with rate of 0.66 mmol/day while conversion rate from nitrate to nitrogen gas or another by-product was 87 percent. 42 mg of fumarate was needed to remove 30 mg $NO_3{^-}-N/L$. When using acetate as carbon source, 31 percent of nitrate was removed during initial adjustment period. Among removed fraction, however, 83 percent of nitrate removed by cell growth. Overall nitrate removal rate was 0.37 mmol/day. Acetate showed longer lag time in consumption compared to that of nitrate, which implying that acetate would be better carbon source compared to fumarate as more amount was utilized for nitrate removal than cell growth.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 환경부

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