Etiology, Management, and Prognosis of Severe Hyperbilirubinemia (Serum Bilirubin Level=25 mg/dL) in Newborn

중증 고빌리루빈혈증(혈청 빌리루빈 >25 mg/dL)의 발병 원인과 치료 및 예후

  • Hwang, Jong Hee (Department of Pediatrics, Ilsan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University) ;
  • Lee, Ji Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Kim, Yu Jin (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Koo, Su Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Lee, Jang Hun (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Choi, Chang Won (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Chang, Yun Sil (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Park, Won Soon (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • 황종희 (인제대학교 의과대학 일산백병원 소아과) ;
  • 이지현 (성균관대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 김유진 (성균관대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 구수현 (성균관대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 이장훈 (성균관대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 최창원 (분당서울대학교병원 소아과) ;
  • 장윤실 (성균관대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 박원순 (성균관대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2005.06.01
  • Accepted : 2005.08.01
  • Published : 2005.10.15

Abstract

Purpose : The present study examined the etiology, management, and the difference of prognosis according to methodology of treatment in severe hyperbilirubinemia with total serum bilirubin levels of more than 25 mg/dL. Methods : Medical records of severe hyperbilirubiemia in newborns(serum level=25 mg/dL) admitted to the NICU of Samsung Medical Center between October 1994 and June 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. Infants were grouped according to methodology of treatment : Group I(phototherapy only, n=42), Group II(exchange transfusion, n=6). And In addition, we evaluated the etiology and the difference of prognosis. Results : A total of 48 documented cases of severe hyperbilirubinemia were identified. Birth weight was significantly lower in Group 2($2,852{\pm}1,085g$) compared to Group 1($3,137{\pm}437g$)(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in gestational age, sex, mode of delivery, inborn, age at presentation, and age at first examination and admission between the two study groups. Maximal bilirubin level was significantly higher in Group 2($45{\pm}16mg/dL$) compared to Group 1($29{\pm}6mg/dL$) (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences in neurologic outcome. Conclusion : Our study suggests that the present guidelines for managing hyperbilirubinemia in newborns should be effective but follow-up with the first postnatal week would be necessary for each detection and treatment in the newborn infants with high risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia.

목 적 : 저자들은 혈청 빌리루빈 25 mg/dL 이상의 중증 고빌리루빈혈증의 발병 원인과 치료 및 예후에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1994년 10월부터 2004년 6월까지 성균관대학교 삼성서울병원 신생아 집중치료실에 입원하여 고빌리루빈혈증으로 진단 받은 환아들 중 혈청 빌리루빈치가 25 mg/dL 이상이면서 다른 동반 질환을 가지지 않고 추적관찰이 가능했던 48명을 대상으로 하여 치료 방법에 따라 광선치료군(1군, n=42)과 교환수혈군(2군, n=6)으로 분류하고 인구 통계학적 특징, 발병 시기, 발병 원인 및 치료에 따른 예후의 차이에 대해서 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과 : 재태주령은 두 군간(1군; $39{\pm}1$주, 2군; $37{\pm}4$주)에 유의한 차이가 없으며 출생체중은 2군($2,852{\pm}1,085g$)이 1군($3,137{\pm}437g$)에 비해 유의하게 작았으나(P<0.05), 2군에서 820 g의 환아가 포함되어 있어 통계적인 영향을 주었다. 발병 원인으로는 두 군 모두 특발성이 가장 많았으며 황달의 첫 임상적 발현 시기, 첫 혈청 빌리루빈 검사 시기 및 입원 시기는 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 최고 혈청 빌리루빈치는 1군($29{\pm}6mg/dL$)에 비해 2군($45{\pm}16mg/dL$)에서 더 의미 있게 증가하였고(P<0.05), 치료 기간, 치료 후 혈청 빌리루빈의 감소 정도 및 신경학적 예후는 군간에 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 증증 고빌리루빈혈증의 치료에 있어서 현재의 치료 지침으로도 적절한 치료가 이루어질 수 있으나 조기 진단 및 치료를 위해서는 중증 고빌리루빈혈증의 위험성이 높을 경우 생후 1주일 이내에 황달에 대한 추적 관찰이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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