Supercritical $CO_2$ Extraction of Sesame Oil with High Content of Tocopherol

초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 토코페롤 고함유 참기름 추출

  • Ju Young-Woon (Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Ajou University) ;
  • Son Min-Ho (R&D team, U-max Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Lee Ju-Suk (R&D team, U-max Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Byun Sang Yo (Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Ajou University)
  • 주영운 (아주대학교 생명분자공학부 생명공학전공) ;
  • 손민호 ((주)유맥스) ;
  • 이주석 ((주)유맥스) ;
  • 변상요 (아주대학교 생명분자공학부 생명공학전공)
  • Published : 2005.06.01

Abstract

The characteristics of sesame oil containing one of natural antioxidant, ' $\gamma$-tocopherol', were studied with the supercritical $CO_2$ extraction. Although $\gamma$-tocopherol has a lower vitamin E value in biological systems than $\alpha$-tocopherol, it is a more potent antioxidant with in oils. For the research of various factors influence to the $\gamma$-tocopherol contents increment, we have checked roasting time and temperature, as well as pressure, temperature and flow rate of supercritical fluid. As a result, we found that the $\gamma$-tocopherol content was maintained constant under the condition of roasting temperature over $200^{\circ}C$. With the longer roasting time, $\gamma$-tocopherol content was increased. Except 250 bar, the $\gamma$-tocopherol content was maintained constant under the condition of the various pressure of supercritical fluid. But $\gamma$-tocopherol content was increased with lower flow rate of supercritical fluid from 1 $m{\ell}$/L to 3 $m{\ell}$/L. When the extraction performance with the supercritical fluid was compared to the conventional compressed extraction, $\gamma$-tocopherol content was increased up to 1.6 times.

초임계 유체를 이용하여 참기름을 생산하기 위한 기초연구로 참깨에 존재하는 천연항산화제인 $\gamma$-토코페롤을 고함유한 참기름에 대해 연구하였다. $\gamma$-토코페롤은 $\alpha$-토코페롤에 비해 비타민 E 효력은 약하긴 하나, 참깨의 리그난과 길항적으로 작용하면 생체내 잔존율이 높아져 $\alpha$-토코페롤처럼 과산화지질 생성을 억제한다고 한다. 참깨의 볶음온도와 시간, 초임계 유체의 압력과 온도 그리고 초임계 유체의 유속 변화 시 $\gamma$-토코페롤의 함량에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하였다. 그 볶음 온도 변화 시 $200^{\circ}C$ 이후 $\gamma$-토코페롤의 농도가 거의 일정하게 유지되었고, $200^{\circ}C$에서 배전시간을 증가함으로써 약 1.13배 정도 $\gamma$-토코페롤의 농도가 증가되었다. 초임계 유체 추출 시 250 bar를 제외한 압력변화에 의해 $\gamma$-토코페롤의 농도는 거의 변화하지 않았다. 그러나 같은 온도에서 초임계 유체의 유속을 $1{\~}3 m{\ell}/L$로 변화시킴에 의해 $\gamma$-토코페롤의 농도가 1.1배${\~}$1.5배 증가되었는데, 이는 $\gamma$-토코페롤의 이 추출 메카니즘이 탈착보다는 확산에 의해 이뤄짐을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 기존 압출추출방법과 초임계 추출 방법을 비교한 결과 $\gamma$-토코페롤의 농도가 1.3${\~}$1.6배 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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