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Effect of Short-term Nutrition Education Camp on Food and Nutrient Intakes of Obese Children

단기간 영양교육 캠프가 비만아동의 식품과 영양소 섭취에 미치는 영향

  • Shin, Eun-Kyung (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Hwa (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Yeon-Kyung (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Hye-Sung (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
  • 신은경 (경북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이진화 (경북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이연경 (경북대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이혜성 (경북대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2005.08.01

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term nutrition education camp on food and nutrient intakes of obese children. The subjects of the study were 30 obese children in Gumi city who have obesity index over $130\%$. The food consumption of the subjects was surveyed for three days before the camp, for eleven days during the first camp and for three days after the second camp, by food record method. The mean intakes of energy and carbohydrates in obese children were significantly decreased during and after the nutrition education camp, and that of vitamin C was significantly increased after the camp. The mean daily total food intake of the subjects was gradually decreased from 1646.4g before the camp to 1438.6g during the camp and 1412.66g after the camp. Energy and fat intake ratios from grains and milks were significantly decreased after the camp compared with that before the camp, and the energy intake ratio from grains, milks and eggs was significantly low during the camp. The protein intake ratios from grains, potatoes, vegetables and fishes were significantly increased after the camp. The calcium intake ratios from potatoes and milks were significantly increased during and after the camp, and the ratio from eggs was significantly decreased after the camp. The iron intake ratios from potatoes and fishes were significantly increased during and after the camp, and the ratio from grains was significantly low during the camp. The results of the study demonstrated that the short-term nutrition education program positively affected the overall food consumption and nutrients intakes of obese children.

본 연구는 단기간의 영양교육캠프가 비만아동의 식품과 영양소 섭취에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 경상북도 구미시에 거주하는 비만도 $130\%$이상 비만아동 30명이었으며, 이들과 학부모를 대상으로 여름과 겨울방학을 이용하여 2회의 영양교육 캠프를 실시하였다. 식품 및 영양소 섭취상태는 영양교육 캠프 전$\cdot$$\cdot$후의 3회에 걸쳐 3일간 식품기록법을 이 용하여 조사되었다. 평균연령은 남녀 각각 10.2, 10.0세였다. 평 균 체중은 남녀 각각 $51.0\pm9.1kg,\;52.7\pm10.4kg$이었고, 평균 신장은 남녀 각각 $144.7\pm6.8cm,\;142.2\;8.7cm$였으며, BMI는 남아가 $24.3\pm4.5$, 여아가 $26.2\pm5.4$였다. 일일 평균 식품 총섭취량은 캠프 전 $1646.64\pm1403.6g$, 캠프 중 $1438.6\pm 1130.6g$, 캠프 후$1412.66\pm881.43g$으로 차츰 감소하였다. 이중에서 식물성 식품군으로부터 $74.6\~66.7\%$를 섭취하였고, 동물성 식품군으로부터 $25.4\~33.3\%$를 섭취하였다. 섭취량이 가장 높았던 식품군은 곡류였으며, 그 다음이 과실류, 우유류, 채소류, 음료류, 육류, 난류, 두류 순이었다. 곡류, 두류의 섭취량은 영양교육 캠프전에 비해 캠프 중과 후에 유의하게 낮았고, 난류의 섭취는 캠프중에 감소하였다가 캠프후에 다시 증가하였으며 어패류의 섭취량은 캠프 중과 후에 유의하게 높아졌다. 영양교육 캠프 후 섭취량이 유의하게 변화한 것은 에너지와 당질 및 비타민 C였다. 에너지 섭취량은 캠프 전에 RDA의 $105.9\%$에서 캠프 후에 RDA의 $91.6\%$로서 유의하게 낮아졌으며 당질의 섭취량도 캠프 전$(323.02\pm235.83\;g/d)$에 비해 캠프 후 $(282.57\pm143.41\;g/d)$에 유의하게 감소하였다. 비타민 C의 섭취는 캠프 전$(108\%\;RDA)$에 비해 캠프 후$(166\%\;RDA)$에 유의하게 증가하였다. 비만아동들이 RDA에 비해 낮게 섭취한 영양소는 칼슘과 비타민 $B_2$로 나타났다. 3대 열량 영양소로부터의 에너지 섭취비율에서 지방 에너지 섭취율은 경우 기간에 따라 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 단백질 에너지 섭취율은 영양교육 캠프 후 유의하게 높아졌고, 당질 에너지 비율은 유의하게 낮아졌다. 동물성과 식물성 급원별 일일 주요영양소(단백질, 지방, 칼슘, 철) 섭취량은 영양교육 캠프의 영향을 받지 않았다. 칼슘은 동물성$\cdot$식물성 급원의 섭취 비율이 60:40, 철분은 20:80으로 나타났다. 곡류와 우유류의 에너지 섭취율은 캠프 전에 비해 캠프 중과 후에 유의하게 감소하였고, 난류의 에너지 섭취율은 캠프 중에 유의하게 낮았다. 단백질의 경우 곡류와 감자류, 채소류, 어패류로부터의 섭취율이 캠프 후에 유의하게 증가하였고, 지방은 곡류, 우유류로부터의 섭취율이 캠프 후 유의하게 감소하였다 칼슘의 경우 감자류와 우유류로부터의 섭취율이 캠프 중과 후에 유의하게 증가하였고, 난류로부터 유의하게 감소하였다. 철의 경우 감자류와 어패류로부터 섭취율이 캠프 중과 후에 유의하게 증가하였고, 곡류로부터의 섭취율이 캠프 중에 유의하게 낮았다. 비타민 A의 경우 해조류와 난류로부터의 섭취율이 캠프 후에 유의하게 증가하였고, 채소류로부터의 섭취율이 캠프 중에 유의하게 높았고 비타민 $B_1$은 채소류와 어패류로부터의 섭취율이 캠프 중에 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 조섬유의 경우 곡류로부터 얻은 양이 캠프 중과 후에 유의하게 감소하였으며, 콜레스테롤의 경우 난류로부터 얻은 양이 캠프 중에 유의하게 낮았다. 이상의 결과로부터 2주일간의 하계 영양교육캠프와 3일간의 동계 영양교육캠프 후 비만아동들은 식품 총섭취량과 곡류식품의 유의한 감소와 어패류 섭취량의 유의한 증가를 보였다. 영앙소 섭취면 에서는 열량과 탄수화물 섭취량의 유의한 감소와 단백질과 비타민 C 섭취량의 유의한 증가와 칼슘과 철분의 섭취 증가 양상을 보였다. 열량섭취에서는 당질 에너지 섭취율의 감소와 단백질 에너지섭취율의 증가를 보였다. 따라서 영양교육캠프의 실시가 비만아동들의 전반적인 식품과 영양소 섭취상태의 변화에 긍정적인 효과를 미친 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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