Effects of Covering Materials on Prevention of Freeze Damage and Labor Saving in Saururus chinensis Baill During Wintering

삼백초의 월동 피복재 종류별 동해방지 및 노동력 절감효과

  • Published : 2005.12.30

Abstract

To investigate the effects of heat conservation materials on freeze damage and weed occurrence during overwintering in Saururus chinensis, Temperature difference was $6.9^{\circ}C$ in chaff, and was lower than those ranged from 9.7 to $14.4^{\circ}C$ in other materials. Heat conservation index, calculated from average temperatures below $-10^{\circ}C$ of earth's surface during the winter, was higher $1.7^{\circ}C\;and\;1.5^{\circ}C$ in chaff and lagging, respectively than in straw. Preservation of water is greater $9.6{\sim}26.1%$ in covering than in open field, and it increased in the order of lagging > chaff > straw among heat conservation materials. The survival rate of rhizome was increased in the order of 99% in lagging > 75% in chaff > 58% in straw, 32% in open field after overwintering, budbreak began fast, and the numbers of total budbreak per unit area were greater 22 times in lagging than 35.0 units in open field. Weeds occurrence was decreased in covering, i.e., $12.0{\sim}33.2\;units/m^2,\;7.3{\sim}10.7\;kg/10a$ of dry weight, and $5.6{\sim}6.4\;hours/10a$ of labor input compared with $157.2\;units/m^2,\;28.9\;kg/10a$ of dry weight, and 65.7 hours/10a of labor input in open field. Growth of top part was better in covering than in open field, and the number of tillers per unit area showed $347{\sim}396$ compared with 293 in open field. Marketable yields of dried stem and leaves and rhizome were higher $69{\sim}87%\;and\;58{\sim}88%$, respectively in covering than in open field, and among heat conservation materials, those were highest in lagging.

피복재 종류가 삼백초의 월동 시 동해방지 및 노동력 절감에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 11월 하순에 볏짚 (900kg/10a), 왕겨 (1,800kg/10a), 보온덮개 (450kg/10a) 등의 보온 피복재를 달리하여 2002년부터 3년간 시험하였다. 월동기간 중 온도교차는 왕겨 피복에서 $6.9^{\circ}C$로 다른 피복재 $9.7{\sim}14.4^{\circ}C$에 비하여 작았으며, 최저기온 $-10^{\circ}C$ 이하 시의 보온효과는 왕겨와 보온덮개 피복에서 볏짚피복에 비하여 각각 $1.7^{\circ}C,\;1.5^{\circ}C$ 높았다. 수분의 유지는 무피복에 비하여 피복에서 $9.6{\sim}26.1%$ 높았으며, 피복재 간에는 보온덮개 > 왕겨 > 볏짚의 피복 순으로 양호하였다. 월동 후 근경 생존율은 보온덮개 99%, 왕겨 75%, 볏짚 58%, 무피복 32%순으로 높았으며, 출아는 보온덮개에서 빨리 시작되었고, 최종 출아수도 무피복 35.0 개$/m^2$에 비하여 22배 많았다. 잡초 발생은 무피복에서 개체수 152.7개$/m^2$, 건물중 28.9 kg/10a 으로 많거나, 무거웠고, 제초 노동력도 65.7시간/10a으로 많이 소요되었으나, 피복재 처리에서는 개체수 $12.0{\sim}33.2$$/m^2$, 건물중 $7.3{\sim}10.7\;kg/10a$ 제초 노동력 $5.6{\sim}6.4$시간/10a으로 적게 소요되었다. 지상부 생육은 무피복에 비하여 피복재 처리에서 양호하였으며, 분얼수도 피복재 처리에서 $347{\sim}396$$/m^2$로 무피복 293 개$/m^2$에 비하여 많았다. 상품성 있는 경엽 건물수량과 근경 건물중은 무피복에 비하여 피복재 처리에서 경엽은 $69{\sim}87%$ 많았고, 근경은 $58{\sim}88%$ 무거웠으며, 피복재 간에는 경엽과 근경 모두 보온덮개에서 많거나, 무거웠다.

Keywords

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