Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology

The Korean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology (환경독성보건학회)
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Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Fine Particles Collected in Seoul Metropolitan Area

서울북부 지역 미세먼지에 함유된 유해 중금속의 분석 및 건강위해성평가

  • Park Eun-Jung (College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University) ;
  • Kang Misun (College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University) ;
  • You Dae-Eun (College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University) ;
  • Kim Dae-Seon (National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Yu Seung-Do (National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Chung Kyu-Hyuck (College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Park Kwangsik (College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University)
  • 박은정 (동덕여자대학교 약학대학) ;
  • 강미선 (동덕여자대학교 약학대학) ;
  • 유대은 (동덕여자대학교 약학대학) ;
  • 김대선 (국립환경연구원 환경위해성연구부) ;
  • 유승도 (국립환경연구원 환경위해성연구부) ;
  • 정규혁 (성균관대학교 약학대학) ;
  • 박광식 (동덕여자대학교 약학대학)
  • Published : 2005.06.01
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Abstract

Particulate materials (PM) less than 10 ${\mu}m$ in diameter are of special interest in air pollution because they are respirable and responsible for the increasing mortality rate of lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases. These particles are often referred to as $PM_{10}$ and they are divided into a coarse fraction and a fine fraction which is also often referred to as $PM_{25}$. In this study, we monitored the TSP, $PM_{10},\;PM_{2.5}$ concentration of ambient air collected in northern part of Seoul in early spring and measured the concentration of heavy metals; Cr, Mn, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb. All the heavy metals were found in the collected particles and the concentrations were variable in the $PM_{10},\;and\;PM_{2.5}$ respectively. The detected concentration ranges were Cr: $ND\~2,889ng/m^3,\;Mn:2.4\~257.9ng/m^3,\;Zn:ND\~353.7ng/m^3,\; As:ND\~22.3ng/m^3,\;Cd:0.1\~2.9ng/m^3,\;and\;Pb:ND\~392.2ng/m^3$ in fine particles. Heavy metal toxicity of the particles were also tested in $H_9C_2$ cell line derived from rat cardiomyocytes. As for the results of health risk assessment calculated by unit risk of IRIS, heavy metals in ambient air of Seoul metropolitan area were found to be responsible for the increase of total excess cancer risk. Among them, chromium (hexavalent) was found to be the most risky in fine particles of ambient air collected in the northern part of Seoul in early spring.

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