References
- Anchordoguy, T.J., A.S. Rudolph, J.F. Carpenter and J.H. Crowe. 1987. Modes of interaction of cryoprotectants with membrane phospholipids during freezing. Cryobiology 24: 324-331 https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(87)90036-8
- Bouchart, V., J.H. Macduff, A. Ourry, M.M.Svenning, A.P. Gay, J.C. Simon and J. Boucaud. 1998. Seanal pattern of accumulation and effects of low temperatures on storage compounds in Trifolium repens. Physiologia Plantarum 104:65-74 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1998.1040109.x
- Castonguay, Y., P. Nadeau, P. Lechasseur and L. Chouinard. 1995. Differential accumulation of carbohydrates in alfalfa cultivars of contrasting wintrhardiness. Crop Science 35:509-516 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500020038x
- Cunningham, S.M., J.J. Volenec and L.R. Teuber. 1998. Plant survival and root and bud composition of alfalfa population selected for contrasting fall dormancy. Crop Science 38:962-969 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800040014x
- Davis, J.S., Gander. 1967. A reevaluation of the Roe procedure for determination of fiuetose. Analytical Biochemistry 19: 72-79 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(67)90135-2
- Dionne, J., Y. Castonguay, P. Nadeau and Y. Desjardins. 2001. Freezing tolerance and carbohydrate changes during cold acclimation of green-type annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) ecotypes. Crop Science 41:443-451 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.412443x
- Fujikawa, S. and K. Takabe. 1996. Formation of multiplex lamellae by equilibrium slow freezing of cortical parenchyma cells of mulberry and its possible relationship to freezing tolerance. Protoplasma 190: 189-203 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01281318
- Griffith, M, N.P.A. Huner, K.E. Espelie and P.E. Kolattukudy. 1985. Lipid polymers accumulate in the epidermis and mestome sheath cell walls during low temperature development of winter rye leaves. Protoplasma 1985:125:5364 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01297350
- Hoekstra, F.A, L.M. Crowe and J.H. Crowe. 1989.Differential desiccation sensitivity of rom and pennisetum pollen linked to their sucrose contents. Plant, Cell and Environment 12:83-91 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1989.tb01919.x
- Levitt, J. 1980. Response of plants to environmental stress. Vol. 1, 2nd ed. (Academic Press: New York)
- Li, R., B.C. Joern, J.J. Volenec and S.M. Cunningham. 1996. Seasonal changes in nonstructural carbohydrates, protein, and macronutrients in roots of alfalfa, red clover, sweetclover, and birdsfoot trefoil. Crop Science 36:617-623 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600030016x
- Livingston, D.P. III. 1996. The second phases of rold hardening : Freezing tolerance and fiuctan isomer changes in winter cereal crowns. Crop Science 36:1568-1573 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183X003600060027x
- Olien, C.R .1984. An adaptive response of rye to freezing. Crop Science 24:51-54 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1984.0011183X002400010012x
- Olien, C.R and J.L. Clark. 1993. Changes in soluble carbohydrate composition of barley, wheat, and rye during winter. Agronomy Journal 85:21-29 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500010005x
- Pollock, C.J. and A.J. Cairns. 1991. Fructan metabolism in grasses and cereals. Annual Review of Plant Pysiology and Plant Molecular Biology 42: 77-101 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.42.060191.000453
- Sheaffer, C.C, D.K. Barnes, D.D. Warnes, W.E. Leuschen, H.J. Ford and D.R Swanson. 1992. Seeding-year cutting affects winter survival and its association with fall growth score in alfalfa. Crop Science 32:225-231 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1992.0011183X003200010046x
- Togentti, J.A., G.L. Salerno, M.D. Crespi and H.G. Pontis. 1990. Sucreose and fructan metabolism of different wheat cultivars at chilling temperatures. Physiologia Plantarum 78:554-559 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb05241.x
- Tronsmo, A.M, G. Kobro, S. Morgenlie and R. Flengsrud. 1993. Carbohydrate content and glycodidases activities following cold hardening in two grass species. Physiologia Plantarum 88:689-695 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1993.tb01390.x
- Turner, L.B and C.J. Pollock. 1998. Changes in stolon carbohydrates during the winter in four varieties of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) with contrasting hardiness. Annals of Botany 81:97-107 https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1997.0534
- Van Handel, E. 1968. Direct microdetermination of sucrose. Analytical Biochemistry 22: 1341-1346
- Wanner, L.A and O. Junttila. 1999. Cold-induced freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 120:391399 https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.120.2.391
- Xu, Q. and B. Huang. 2001. Morphological and physiological characteristics associated with heat tolerance in creeping bentgrass. Crop Science 41: 127-133 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.411127x