Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
권호 표지

Long-Term Trend Analyses of Water Qualities in Nakdong River Based on Non-Parametric Statistical Methods

비모수 통계기법을 이용한 낙동강 수계의 수질 장기 경향 분석

  • Kim, Joo-Hwa (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Park, Seok-Soon (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
  • 김주화 (이화여자대학교 공과대학 환경학과) ;
  • 박석순 (이화여자대학교 공과대학 환경학과)
  • Published : 2004.01.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The long-tenn trend analyses of water qualities were performed for 49 monitoring stations located in Nakdong River. Water quality parameters used in this study are the monthly data of BOD(Biological Oxygen Demand), TN(Total Nitrogen) and TP(Total Phosphorus) measured from 1990 to 1999. The long-tenn trends were analyzed by Seasonal Mann-Kendall Test and Locally WEighted Scatter plot Smoother(LOWESS). Nakdong river was divided into four subbasins, including upstream watershed, midstream watershed, western downstream watershed and eastern downstream watershed. The results of Seasonal Mann-Kendall Test indicated that there would be no trends of BOD in upstream watershed, western and eastern downstream watershed. Trends of BOD were downward in midstream watershed. For TN and TP, there were upward trends in all of watersheds. But LOWESS curves suggested that BOD, TN and TP concentrations generally increased between 1990 and 1996, then resumed decreasing.

Keywords

References

  1. Berryman, D., Bobee, B., Cluis, D., and Haemmerli, J., Nonparametric Tests for Trend Detection in Water Quality Time Series, Water Resources Bulletin, 24(3), pp. 545-556 (1988)
  2. Chambers, J. M., Cleveland, W. S., Kleiner, B., and Tukey, P. A., Graphical Methods for Data Analysis, Wadsworth International Group, Belmont, California and Duxbury Press, Boston, Massachusetts. (1983)
  3. Cleveland, W. S., Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplot, J. American Statistics Association, 74(3), pp. 829-836 (1979)
  4. Clow, D. W., and Mast, M. A., Long-term trends in stream water and precipitation chemistry at five headwater basins in the northeastern United States, Water Resources Research, 35(2), pp. 541-554 (1999)
  5. Hirsch R. M., Slack, J. R., and Smith, R. A., Techniques of Trend Analysis for Monthly Water Quality Data, Water Resources Research, 18(1), pp. 107-121 (1982)
  6. Hirsch R. M., and Slack, J. R., A Nonparametric Trend Test for Seasonal Data With Serial Dependence, Water Resources Research, 20(6), pp. 727-732 (1984)
  7. Hirsch, R. M., Alexander, R. B., and Smith, R. A., Selection of Methods for the Detection and Estimation of Trends in Water Quality, Water Resources Research, 27(5), pp. 803-813 (1991)
  8. Hughes, J. P., Millard, S. P., A Tau-Like Test for Trend in The Presence of Multiple Censoring Point, Water Resources Bulletin, 24(3), pp. 521-531 (1988)
  9. Kendall, M. G., Rank Correlation Methods, Charles Griffin, London. (1975)
  10. Larsen, S. E., Kronvang, B., Windolf, J., and Svendsen, L. M., Trends in Diffuse Nutrient Concentrations and Loading in Denmark: Statistical Trend Analysis of Stream Monitoring Data, Water Science and Technology, 39(12), pp. 197-205 (1999)
  11. Lettenmaier, D. P., Multivariate Nonparametric Tests for Trend in Water Quality, Water Resources Bulletin, 24(3), pp. 505-512 (1988)
  12. Lettenmaier, D. P., Hooper, E. R., Wagoner, C., and Faris, K. B., Trends in Stream Quality in the Continental United States, 1978-1987, Water Resources Research, 27(3), pp. 327-339 (1991)
  13. Montgomery, R. H., and Reckhow, K. H., Techniques for Detecting Trends in Lake Water Quality, Water Resources Bulletin, 20(1), pp. 45-52 (1984)
  14. Van Belle, G., and Hughes, J. P., Nonparametric Tests for Trend in Water Quality, Water Resources Research, 20(1), pp. 127-136 (1984)
  15. 정부합동, 낙동강 수계 물관리 종합대책 (1999)