Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
권호 표지

Population Dynamics of Predator (Asplanchna spp.) and its Impact on Herbivorous Rotifers Community in Three Tributaries of the Nakdong River (S. Korea)

낙동강(한국)의 세 지류에서 포식 윤충류 개체군 동태 및 초식 윤충류 군집에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2004.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The herbivorous rotifers community (Brachionus spp.) and population dynamics of the predator rotifer (Asplanchna spp.) in three tributaries (Kumho R., Nam R., and Hwang R.) of the Nakdong River were evaluated on biweekly intervals from Jan. 2001 and Dec. 2002. High abundance of the herbivorous rotifers (peak density: - ca.>1000 Ind. $L^{-1}$) was observed from two tributaries (Kumho R. and Nam R.) during the spring and fall seasons, respectively. The high peaks of herbivorous rotifers were not evident in one tributary (Hwang R.). Among the herbivorous rotifers, brachionid rotifers (Brachionus spp. consisting of 7 species) were the characteristic rotifer community in this study. Brachionus spp. tended to occur together with the other perennial species, Asplanchna. Asplanchna was also present while two species of B. angularis and B. calyciflorus were highest in density. Subsequently, two populations (B. angularis and B. calyciflorus) rapidly declined, becoming rare after high peaks of Asplanchna occurred, except in one tributary (Hwang R.). We found community shifts in rotifer groups in mid-spring and mid-fall at the study site. The Asplanchna population could be appeared to play an important role in regulating the rotifer community and total plankton biomass in spring and fall at high trophic levels.

낙동강의 세 지류에서(금호강, 남강, 황강) 지난 2001년 1월부터 2002년 12월까지 격주 간격으로 초식 윤충류 군집 (Brachionus spp.)과 포식 윤충류(Asplanchna spp.)간의 개체군 동태에 대해서 평가 하였다. 초식 윤충류들의 높은 군집 밀도(최고 밀도: 약 >1000개체/리터)는 두 지류에서 (금호강과 남강) 봄과 가을 시기에 반복적으로 나타났으나 다른 하나의 지류 (황강)에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 초식 윤충류 중, Brachionus spp. (7종으로 구성) 군집들이 본 조사지점에서 대표적인 종으로 파악되었다. Brachionus spp.와 연중 비슷한 시기에 출현하는 종은 Asplanchna였다. Asplanchna는 B. angularis와 B. calyciflorus종들의 높은 개체군 밀도 시기와 유사하게 개체수가 증가하였다. 그 결과로, 두 개체군들의 (B. angularis와 B. calyciflorus) 밀도는 Asplanchna출현 이후 급속히 감소하였다(금호강과 남강).그러나 다른 한 지류인 황강에서는 뚜렷한 포식 및 초식 윤충류 간의 상호관계는 파악되지 않았다. 본 조사 결과로 봄 및 가을 중순 기간의 조사지점에서는 윤충류 군집간의 뚜렷한 변화 양상이 파악되었다. 특히, Asplanchna 개체군은 높은 영양 단계 지류 시스템 내에서 봄과 가을의 총 플랑크톤 생물량과 윤충류 군집의 주요한 조절자로써의 역할을 할 것으로 파악된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Allan, J.D. 1976. Life history patterns in zooplankton. Am. Nat. 110: 165-180
  2. Arndt, H. 1993. Rotifers as predators on components of the microbial web (bacteria, heterotrophic flagellates, ciliates): A review. Hydrobiologia 255/256: 231-246
  3. Bayly, I.A.E. 1992. The Non-marine Centropagidae (Copepoda: Calanoida) of the World. Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World. No. 2. (SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague)
  4. Bevington, D.J., C. White and R.L. Wallace. 1995. Predatory behaviour of Cupelopagis vorax (Rotifera; Collothecea; Atrochidae) on protozoan prey. Hydrobiologia 313/314: 213-217
  5. Conde-Porcuna, J.M. and S.S.S. Sarma. 1995. Prey selection by Asplanchna girodi (Rotifera): The importance of prey defence mechanisms. Freshwat. Biol. 33:341-348
  6. Dodson, S.I. and D.G. Frey. 2001. Cladocera and other Branchiopoda. In: Thorp, J.H. and A.P. Covich (eds), Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates, Second Edition, Academic Press, San Diego: 848-913
  7. Dumont, H.J. 1977. Biotic factors in the population dynamics of rotifers. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. 8: 98-122
  8. Dumont, H.J. and S.S.S. Sarma. 1995. Demography and population growth of Asplanchna girodi (Rotifera) as a function of prey (Anuraeopsis fissa). Hydrobiologia 306: 97-107
  9. Gaudy, R., G. Verriopoulos and G. Cervetto, 1995. Space and time distribution of zooplankton in a Mediterranean lagoon (Etang de Berr). Hydrobiologia 301: 219-236
  10. Gilbert, J.J. 1999. Kairomone-Induced Morphological Defenses in Rotifers. In: Tollrian, R. and C.D. Harvell (eds), The Ecology and Evolution of Inducible Defense. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ: 127-141
  11. Ha, K., E.A. Cho, H.W. Kim and G.J. Joo. 1999. Microcystis bloom formation in the lower Nakdong River, South Korea: importance of hydrodynamics and nutrient loading. Mar. Freshwater Res. 50: 89-94
  12. Hutchinson, G.E. 1967. A Treatise on Limnology. Introduction to the Lake Biology and the Limnoplankton. Vol. 2, John Wiely & Sons, New York, 1115 pp
  13. Iyer, N. 1989. Biology of the Predatory Rotifer Asplanchna: a Review and Some Field and Laboratory Studies. M. Phil. Thesis, University of Delhi, India, 99pp
  14. Ju, Y.H. 1999. Bacterioplankton in the lower part of Nakdong River: distribution and relationships with phytoplankton biomass. M. S. thesis, Pusan National University, Pusan, 52pp
  15. Kim, H.W. 1996. Characteristics of physico-chemical parameters and zooplankon dynamics in the Nakdong River. M. S. thesis. Pusan National University, Pusan. 87pp
  16. Kim, H.W. 1999. Water quality, plankton community dynamics, and trophic regulation in the microbial food web by zooplankton in a hypertrophic river (Nakdong River, Korea). -Ph. D. dissertation, Pusan National University, Pusan, 230pp
  17. Kim, H.W. and G.J. Joo. 2000. The longitudinal distribution and community dynamics of zooplankton in a regulated large river: a case study of the Nakdong River (Korea). Hydrobiologia. 438: 171-184
  18. Kim, H.W., K.H. Chang, K.S. Jeong and G.J. Joo. 2003. The spring metazooplankton dynamics in the river-reservoir hybrid system (Nakdong River, Korea): Its role in controlling the phytoplankton biomass. Korean J. Limnol. 36: 420-426
  19. Kim, H.W., K. Ha and G.J. Joo. 1998. Eutrophication of the lower Nakdong River after the construction of an estuarine dam in 1987. Internat. Rev. Hydrobiol. 83: 65-72
  20. Kim, H.W., S.-J. Hwang and G.J. Joo. 1999. Grazing rates of rotifers and their contribution to community grazing in the Nakdong River. Korean J. Ecol. 22: 337-342
  21. Kim, H.W., S.-J. Hwang and G.J. Joo. 2000. Zooplankton grazing on bacteria and phytoplankton in a regulated large river (Nakdong River, Korea). J. Plankton Res. 22: 1559-1577
  22. Kim, H.W., S.-J. Hwang, K.H. Chang, M.H. Jang, G.J. Joo and N. Walz. 2002. Longitudinal difference in zooplankton grazing on phyto- and bacterioplankton in the Nakdong River (Korea). Internat. Rev. Hydrobiol. 87: 281-293
  23. Koste, W. 1978. Rotatoria. Die Radertiere Mitteleuropas. Ein Bestimmungswerk begrundet von Max Voigt, 2nd edn. (Borntrager: Stuttgart, Vol. 1, Textband 673p., Vol. 2. Textband 234p.)
  24. Koste, W. and R.J. Shiel. 1987. Rotifera from Australian Inland Waters II. Epiphanidae and Brachionidae (Rotifera: Monogononta). Invertebrate Taxonomy 1, 949-1021
  25. Lampert, W. and U. Sommer. 1997. Limnoecology: The Ecology of Lakes and Streams. Oxford University Press, New York
  26. Park, S.B. 1998. Basic water quality of the mid to lower part of Nakdong River and the influences of the early rainfall during monsoon on the water quality. M. S. thesis. Pusan National University, Pusan. 89pp
  27. Pourriot, R. 1977. Food and feeding habits of Rotifera. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. 8: 243-260
  28. Sarma, S.S.S., H.J. Dumont and S. Nandini. 1998. Feeding preference and population growth of Asplanchna brightwelli (Rotifera) offered tow non-evasive prey rotifers. Hydrobiologia 361: 77-87
  29. Sarma, S.S.S., P. S. Larios-Jurado and S. Nandini. 2001. Effect of three food types on the population growth of Brachionus calyciflorous and Brachionus patulus (Rotifera: Brachionidae). Rev. Biol. Trop. 49: 75-82
  30. Smirnov, N.N. and B.V. Timms. 1983. A Revision of the Australian Cladocera (Crustacea). Records of the Australian Museum Supplement 1: 1-132
  31. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1996: SAS User's Guide: Statistics, Version 6, 12th edn.-SAS Institute, Cary, NC
  32. Stemberger, R.S. and J.J. Gilbert. 1987. Defense of Planktonic Rotifers against Predators. In Kerfoot, W. C. and A. Sih (eds), Predation: Direct and Indirect Effects on Aquatic Communities. The University Press of New England, Hanover, N. H. U.S.A. pp. 227-239
  33. Williamson, C.E. and J.W. Reid. 2001. Copepoda. In: Thorp, J.H. and A.P. Covich (eds), Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates, Second Edition, Academic Press, San Diego: 915-954
  34. Williamson, C.E. 1983. Invertebrate predation of planktonic rotifers. Hydrobiologia 104: 385-396