Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering (한국정밀공학회지)

Korean Society for Precision Engineering (한국정밀공학회)
권호 표지

A Study on the Development of Child Human Model for Crashworthiness Analysis

충돌해석용 유아 인체모델 개발에 관한 연구

  • Published : 2004.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study is focused on the development of a child human model, which is composed of skin, skeleton, joints and muscle, etc. The dimension of child outer skin is referred to anthropometric data from KRISS (Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science). The positions of joint and mass properties of body segments are calculated from ATB(Articulated Total Body) program, GEBOD. The properties of bones and muscles are obtained by the way of scaling from adult human model. To verify the developed human model, ROM simulation and sled test is conducted. Developed human model can be effectively applied to the evaluation of human injury in crash situation and development of child restraint system. The explicit finite element program $PAM-CRASH^TM$ was used to simulate six-year old child human model.

Keywords

References

  1. Pilkey, W.D., 'Out-of-Position Occupant(OOPS) ISO-I Position Series 2 Tests,' Automobile Safety Laboratory of the University of Virginia
  2. Irwin, A. and Mertz, H.J., 'Biomechanical basis for the CRABI and Hybrid III child dummies,' SAE 973317,1997
  3. Anrig, C. and Plaugher, G., 'Pediatric chiropractic,' KCA Press, pp.55-77, 1999
  4. Agran, P.F., Anderson, C.L. and Winn, D.G., 'Restraint Use Among Children in Fatal Crashes,' SAE Paper 973300, 1997
  5. Hamilton, M.N., Chen, H.H. and Guenther, D.A., 'Adult to Child Scaling and Normalixing of Lateral Thoracic Impact Data,' SAE Paper 861883, 1986
  6. Korea Reserch Institute of Standards and Science, 'National Anthropometric Survey of Korea,' Korean National Institute of Technology and Quality, 1997
  7. www.viewpoint.com
  8. 'Hybrid III Type Six-year-old Child Test Dumy(Alpha Version),' NHTSA, Office of crashworthiness standards vehicle research and test center, December 1999
  9. Gross, M.E., 'The GEBODIII Program User's Guide and Description,' AL-TR-1991-0102, 1991
  10. 'Development and evaluation of the hybrid III three-year-old child crash test dummy(H-III 3C),' NHTSA, December 1998
  11. Arlt, F. and Marach, A., 'CAD modelling of a human 3D child body,' International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 22, pp. 333-341, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8141(97)00086-3
  12. Kumaresan, S., Yoganandan, N. and Pintar, F.A., 'Age-Specific Pediatric Cervical Spine Biomechanical Responses: Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Finite Element Models,' Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE, 1997
  13. Hilker, C.E., Yoganandan, N. and Pintar, F.A., 'Experimental Determination of Adult and Pediatric Neck Scale Factors,' Stapp Car Crash Journal, Vol. 46, pp.383, 2002.11
  14. Swischuk, L.E., 'Imaging of the Cervical Spine on Children,' Springer pp.5-7, ISBN 0-387-95290-X
  15. Sturtz, G., 'Biomechanical Data of Children,' SAE Paper801313, 1980
  16. Martin, R.B. and Atkinson, P.J., 'Age and Sex-related Changes in the Structure and Strength of the Human Femoral Shaft,' Journal of Biomechanics, Vol.10, pp.223-231, 1977 https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(77)90045-8
  17. GotshcaIl, C., 'NHTSA's draft child restraint system safety plan,' NHTSA, 1999